SUPPLEMENTARY IMCOME-GENERATION IN BANGLADESH : PROPOSAL FOR THE
WORK-HOUSE COMPLEX
(Part Two)
03.00 ENDEAVORS TO ERADICATE POVERTY
In Bangladesh there are occasional endeavors by rich and philanthropic
organizations to take care of the poverty situation of the
less-privileged people. However, their endeavors are neither
systematic, nor continuous and hence cannot be considered as a
solution. In such a situation, we shall consider only the endeavors by
(01) the Government and (02) the NGO's (Non Government Organizations).
(01) ENDEAVORS BY THE GOVERNMENT : Some of the major provisions,
programs of schemes taken by the government in order to address the
poverty situation are : (a) Relief through local government
authorities, (b) State relief and (c) Relief in emergency.
(a) Relief through the local government authorities : The local
government authorities like Union Parishad (in rural areas) and Ward
(in urbanized areas) raise funds from available sources in order to
distribute among the poor people living under their jurisdiction.
However, most if not all, such spending has been found to have faced
political interferences and been polluted by corruption. Naturally, in
spite of tremendous spending such endeavors have been found to fail
in achieving the goal.
(b) State relief : In Bangladesh there arises food crisis in some
rural areas during the months when the cultivators have invested in
agro-production and the harvesting season is still to arrive. The
situation is painful for other people also, who depend on their
spending. This crisis is known as Monga (meaning, high food price). In
order to address such crisis the government allocates fund (money or
wheat) in a scheme known as State Relief. The local authorities
initiate some labor-based program (like canal digging, making
embankment or road etc.) and give money or wheat in lieu of labor.
When rice or wheat is given in such projects it is known as "Food for
Work" program. Such relief program is initiated also in times of
flood, draught, unaccounted loss of crop etc. It is a open secret that
a considerable portion of this money is consumed by the corrupt
personnel.
(c) Relief in emergency etc. : Natural and man-made hazards like
flood, draught, insect-attack, fire-incident etc. create damage to
life and wealth. In such situations the government takes immediate
measure through donation of relief materials, food items, money etc.
(02) ENDEAVORS BY THE NGO's : In Bangladesh the Non Government
Organizations collect from abroad in order to run philanthropic
activities. Normally they help the people in the following ways :
(a) Materials : Various NGO's work in various regions of the country.
They follow their own system to find out the 'poor or needy people'
and then extend help in the form of contribution of money and
materials.
(b) Services : Some NGO's work in the fields of elementary education,
primary healthcare and family planning.
(c) Micro-credit : Some NGO's give seasonal or special purpose loan to
the needy people. However such loans are given only to those persons
who are physically and educationally capable of doing such jobs.
Grameen Bank has introduced a special type of micro-credit in which
they ask for no collateral. However, the alternative arrangement they
have devised in order to ensure their re-payment is extremely costly
and has rendered it economically non-viable.
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PROF. BIJON B. SARMA, HEAD ARCHITECTURE DISCIPLINE, KHULNA UNIVERSITY,
KHULNA, BANGLADESH
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