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Thursday, January 14, 2010

[ALOCHONA] Was ULFA involved with BDR revolt in Feb?



Was ULFA involved with BDR revolt in Feb?
 
Moinuddin Naser in New York
 
Is it true that the members of the United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) living in Bangladesh were involved in the revolt by the Bangladesh Rifles in February 2009? Whether they were involved in anti-Awami League propaganda during last general election? An Indian influential weekly magazine reported about the ULFA?s involvement in such activities. The most influential weekly news magazine for researchers and academics the Economic and Political Weekly in an article in it?s recent 52nd issue elaborately stated about the debacles in the structure and politics of the ULFA.

   Udayan Misra, a national fellow of Indian Council of Social Science Research in his article ULFA: Beginning of the end stated: The change of government in Dhaka was already making things difficult for it when reports surfaced about ULFA?s involvement in the revolt by the Bangladesh Rifles in February 2009. This along with reports that the outfit had worked against the Awami League in the general elections, seemed to have been the decisive factor in the Sheikh Hasina government?s moves to crackdown on the ULFA leaders and push them out of the country. Ever since the ULFA leaders moved to Bangladesh in the 1990 and started operating from there, they had invested massive sums in Dhaka?s commercial banks and had built up huge assets for themselves. This, along with the support they received from anti-India elements in Bangladesh, had made Dhaka turn blind eye to the activities of the insurgent outfit. For instance, the ULFA general secretary Anup Chetia has been in a Bangladesh jail since 1998 and repeated efforts by the Indian authorities to have him sent back to India were met with indifference by the Bangladesh government.

   This correspondent discussed the matter with the Bangladeshi leaders, who recently visited New York and wanted to know whether the reported version regarding ULFA was true? Most of them expressed their ambivalent opinion, while they did not want to be quoted.Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, who was a well known and carrier Foreign Service official A H M Muhmudul Hasan, on being informed about the report said, that might be. But he did neither confirm the report nor denied.

   However according to diplomatic sources in New York, who keep eyes on developments in Bangladesh, the allegation is quite significant. They further opined that in fact the issue could be the main point of discussion during the visit of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to India. They said that now a days the India?s main target is to put down the insurgency in India?s north eastern provinces. Not only the ULFA, rather all other insurgent groups including those from Nagaland, Tripura, Mizorum and Monipur states are now active in the north eastern provinces.

   The Indian initiative to have easy access in terms of transportation of goods and other relevant equipments to the north eastern provinces and easy communication system with that isolated area through building up fibre optics network in Bangladesh will be harmonized during the visit of Prime Minsiter Sheikh Hasina, the sources said. This time, the source added, India had already sounded that it would not give pressure on Bangladesh for transit, but still the north eastern issue will be the most important part of the agenda during the visit.

   The Economic and Political Weekly of India, in fact, has discussed the matter to shed initial light regarding the agenda. The sources said that without resolving the internal problems in the north eastern province, any kind of transit except the developed communication system may be counter productive for India as well as for Bangladesh. The armed cadres of ULFA and other insurgent groups might get together to disrupt the transit frequently.

   Since the beginning of the insurgency a total of 12,000 people were killed in Assam for achieving sovereignty. The ULFA commander Poresh Barua has not yet given up his demand for sovereignty. The bloodshed that had already experienced by the region may call for further bloodshed. Now the Indian government probably is trying to make a joint effort with Bangladesh to eliminate the threat of armed struggle by the Assamese.
 
  The issue is deeply rooted, says a diplomatic source in the UN, stating that, if the ULFA fighters were involved in BDR revolt, they have the power to attack further. So the arrests of Rajkhoa or Raju Barua and hand them over to India or force them to surrender before Indian forces would not end the tunnel. Because if the report of the Economic and Political Weekly is true, the followers of the arrested ULFA leaders (who were already on the verge of retirement to allow the new comers to occupy their places in the leadership) may be more fatal for Bangladesh.
 



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[ALOCHONA] Hasina-Singh summit ends with zero-sum outcome



Hasina-Singh summit ends with zero-sum outcome
 
M. Shahidul Islam
 
With all the grandiose designs that India harbours to re-shape the geopolitical destiny of the continent of Asia, any Bangladeshi leader is bound to have a heart- sinking feeling of imminent danger while meeting its counterpart in Delhi. That is what has made the just concluded visit to India of PM Sheikh Hasina a sensitive and dreadful one.

   But, the second- time- Prime Minister seems to have weathered it quite well, without conceding much to our voracious neighbour, and, bringing home even much little in return. On a more positive tone, she looked cool, composed, curious and someone in control over things; perhaps upon knowing that there was no ice-breaker to change things substantively.
   
   Pauperized protocol
   That is why, contrary to wild fears of her capitulating to ?unreasonable? Indian demands, the visit ended up with a zero-sum outcome. In game theory, a zero-sum outcome is described of a situation in which one participant?s gain or loss is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the other. If the total gains of the participants are added up, and the total losses are subtracted, they sums to zero.

   That also explains why the visit kicked off with a subtle snub, the Bangladesh PM not being treated as per the deserved protocol upon her landing at Delhi?s Indira Gandhi International Airport on January 10.
   Much to the surprise of observers, the PM was received at the airport by Indian Minister of State for External Affairs, Preneet Kaur, and Foreign Secretary, Nirupama Rao, which looked debasing for a leader representing 150 million people. This ?pauperized posture? was least expected when the visit has been showcased as a ?ground breaking? one by many pundits and policy makers in both countries.

   Observers felt dismayed by this intentionally created protocol hiccup, especially due to the visit occurring following the Bangladesh PM?s risky and gutsy venture in December 2009 to hand over to India one of Delhi?s most wanted fugitives, Arabinda Rajkhowa, chairman of the outlawed United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA), along with the outfit?s deputy commander-in-chief, Raju Baruah, and at least five other senior aides.
   Also, in a synchronized gesture to curry Indian favour prior to the visit, India?s Bharti Airtel (BA) was accorded on January 9 an approval from Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) to buy a controlling 70% stake in Bangladesh?s Warid Telecom that has 2.7 million customers, with 5.3% market share. In return, the BA has reportedly declared to invest $300 million on upgrading Warid?s network.
   
   Intent rebuffed
   Although a summit between two leaders does not achieve much unless it aims to do so prior to the leaders? face to face interactions, the visit displayed the serious intent of Sheikh Hasina to accord higher priority to India in regional politics. The very fact that she has chosen Delhi ahead of Beijing as her first regional destination speaks volume about her mindset and loyalty.
   For, upon coming to power in 1996, Hasina decided to visit Beijing first in order to neutralize a lingering negative image of the regime of her father who faced serious internal oppositions due to a ?distinctly pro-Indian? foreign policy stance, something many analysts characterized as being devoid of the required tact and the talisman that were much needed in balancing a new nation?s foreign policy.

   But that sincere intent got rebuffed in kind in the wake of this visit. Not only Delhi failed to rein in its forces at the border, its BSF went virtually berserk against unarmed Bangladeshis. Within hours of the PM?s landing at Delhi airport, two Bangladeshi cattle traders were killed by BSF on January 10 in Chapainawabganj and Benapole. Then, on Januray 12, while the PM busied herself in parlaying with various segments of state luminaries in Delhi, BSF killed another Bangladeshi cattle trader at Benapole border and took away his body.

   Unfortunately, the summit made no dent in obtaining an assurance to rein in such human rights abuses by Indian border forces. Especially since the AL?s coming to power early this year, there were 308 incidents of attacks by the BSF on innocent Bangladeshis at the border, resulting in 96 people killed, 79 injured, 25 kidnapped and 92 remaining as yet lost. Such occurrences sour people to people ties and impact bilateral interactions.
   
   Clever moves
   Despite that, PM did her best to show a tolerant and brave face to her Indian hosts, according to people who travelled with her and the imagery seen in TV and newspaper exposures.

   In the game of diplomacy, often each side is aware of the inner minds of the other. This was no exception and the Indian moves were palpably heuristic. Such consternations notwithstanding, the PM did obtain a promise from Delhi of US$1 billion worth of line of credit in infrastructure building, which experts say remains contingent upon Bangladesh?s consent in collaborations in developing railways and other infrastructures to facilitate transportations of Indian goods and services from the mainland to the landlocked North Eastern provinces via Bangladesh.

   In return, however, she had conceded little substantive, deferring the decision to allow India the permit to use the Ashugonj port to subsequent discussions. This was a deft move. It also implied two particular things for certain. First, India must show that its power generation project in neighbouring state of Tripura will meet the dual requirements of both nations, and, Delhi?s promise to allow Bangladesh the promised corridor to Nepal and Bhutan will be complied with.
   
   Paltry progress
   All these made the visit look grand on paper but virtually ritual in substance, especially it yielding little in terms of immediately- accruable economic benefits. The huge army of business delegation that had accompanied the PM in order to foster greater economic ties between the two neighbours felt frustrated by the Indian decision to allow only 47 items of commodities from the voluminous negative list of Bangladeshi products, despite Bangladesh insisting for years to obtain duty-free access to Indian market of a selective 232 products in particular, in order to reduce the Himalayan trade imbalance that lies heavily in Indian favour, overshooting well past $3 billion mark lately.

   As well, the long-awaited Teesta water sharing deal did not receive any serious significance in the summit level discussions, according to sources. They say, although the two PM discussed the pending border demarcation matter relating to yet unmarked 6.1-km stretch of the 4,096 km border, ?enclaves? and ?adverse possessions? (pockets in each country with nationals of the other) ? and have exchanged lists of such enclaves once again?no progress has been made in that particular front either, excepting promises and assurances to continue further discussion at bilateral levels.
   Yet, there was no dearth of solace and smiling on either side, despite the visit being virtually a ceremonial one in nature. The Indian Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee termed the Bangladesh PM?s visit a high point of relations between the two countries, observing, ?This is a historic visit; it marks a new era in Indo-Bangladesh relations.? He added, ?For the first time, Dhaka understands our concerns and we understand theirs.?

   That mutual understanding has ripened since the army-backed caretaker regime jumped into the Indian bandwagon in 2007 to jointly fight radicalism and extremism. And, that is what has led to the conclusion of three agreements on January 11 by the two PMs. The agreements relate to (1) mutual legal assistance in criminal matters, (2) transfer of sentenced prisoners, and (3) combating international terrorism, organised crime and illicit drug trafficking. The two Memorandums of Understanding (MoU) include (1) framework on exchange of electricity, and (2) cultural collaborations.
   Viewed closely, the signed MoUs too seem loaded with lots of ifs and buts. For instance, under the collaborative arrangement to import electricity, Bangladesh would buy 500 MW of electricity from India to start with, and, by 2012, the cap can be raised to 1200 MW. Official sources say, Bangladesh?s state-owned Power Grid Company and Indian state-run Power Grid Corporation will jointly set up transmission lines to carry the power to the Bangladesh grid, for which India needs access to our port facilities and Dhaka needs lots of money.

   That also proves that the prospect of any viable power generation and sharing remains contingent upon India?s construction of the proposed power generation centre in the power-starve Tripura state which currently imports from Bhutan about 1400 MW of electricity to meet its peak hour shortfall, and Dhaka?s ability to build commensurable infrastructure and conduit to share the fruit.
   
   Standing by Delhi at UN
   However, in a brilliant stroke of classical diplomacy, the PM has offered her government?s support to India?s candidature for the permanent membership of the UN Security Council and promised to lend support to Delhi in the Indian candidature for a non-permanent seat of the UNSC for 2011-2012.
   ?Responding to the prime minister of India, the prime minister of Bangladesh conveyed her country?s support in principle for India?s candidature for the permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council as and when the reform of the UN Security Council is achieved,? says a joint statement.
   
   Dirty politics
   The killing of three more innocent Bangladeshis during the visit aside, a number of other detractions and dirty politics dogged the visit, the most prominent among which was the disclosure in Dhaka by the ruling party secretary general, Syed Ashraful Islam, that former Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf has had a meeting in Dhaka with the ULFA leader Anup Chetia, in July 2002, which was facilitated by then prime minister Khaleda Zia.

   The alleged meeting, the veracity of which was challenged instantly by BNP leaders, took place in Musharraf?s hotel room while the latter visited Dhaka. This was a dirty politics that the AL should have avoided, unless the information came as a design to do so in the wake of PM?s Delhi visit.
   Chetia, incumbent secretary general of ULFA, remains detained in a Bangladesh jail since his arrest in 1998, and, his handover to India is the most coveted aim of Delhi at this very moment, especially ULFA?s military commander, Paresh Barua, reportedly being in China. Yet, India may not get Chetia in the manner it got the possession of the seven other ULFA leaders who had recently been ?kidnapped? from Dhaka by, according to a number of sources, Indian special force.

   Anup Chetia is a refugee claimant, which is his legal forte, and his ultimate disposition relies on Bangladesh?s final decision to deport him from the country. Even when such a decision is made, according to the concerned Geneva Convention (1951) relating to fate of refugees seeking protection in a third country - of which Bangladesh is a signatory - one particular clause of that Convention circumvents Dhaka?s option to handover him to India.
 



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[ALOCHONA] Bilderbergs of the World Unite!



Bilderbergs of the World Unite!

 
 

"In Post-War Iraq, Use Military Forces to Secure Vital U.S. Interests, Not for Nation-Building" — The Heritage Foundation

 

And just in case you still haven't got the point, the same Heritage Foundation document, dated 25 September, 2002 went on to tell us,

 

"Protect Iraq's energy infrastructure against internal sabotage or foreign attack to return Iraq to global energy markets and ensure that U.S. and world energy markets have access to its resources." [1]

 

Anything that says otherwise in the corporate or state press is just propaganda and/or lies. Period.

Oiling the cogs of capitalism

 

The turning point when oil took centre stage came significantly as the 20th century began with the world's most powerful imperial navies, the German and British switching from burning coal to burning oil. From that point on the destinies of Persia and the Arab world irrevocably became central to Western imperial ambitions, so much so that to this day we are living (and dying) with the results, most notably the Palestinians and the Iraqis, not to mention two World Wars where oil was central for all the combatants, not only to fight with but to control.

"Rarely discussed, however, is the fact that the strategic geopolitical objectives of Britain, well before 1914, included not merely the crushing of its greatest industrial rival, Germany, but, through the conquest of war, the securing of unchallenged British control over the precious resource which, by 1919, had proved itself as the strategic raw material of future economic development—petroleum." — 'A Century of War', F William Engdahl, p.38.[2]

Oil extended the range of imperial navies to encompass the globe without the need to refuel, enabling Britain's navy to take complete control of the world's oceans and trade routes. One of WWI's objectives was to deny Germany access to the newly discovered oil fields in what is now Iran. This meant controlling access to the Middle East where British control of the Suez Canal ('stolen' from the French) eventually determined the destiny of the people of Palestine and indeed the entire Middle East.

 

Of course oil is only one component but without it nothing else functions, least of all a mechanized military. No oil, no anything the modern world depends on.

'The Feb. 17, 2007, Energy Bulletin detailed the oil consumption just for the Pentagon's aircraft, ships, ground vehicles and facilities that made it the single-largest oil consumer in the world. At the time, the U.S. Navy had 285 combat and support ships and around 4,000 operational aircraft. The U.S. Army had 28,000 armored vehicles, 140,000 High-Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicles, more than 4,000 combat helicopters, several hundred fixed-wing aircraft and 187,493 fleet vehicles. Except for 80 nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers, which spread radioactive pollution, all their other vehicles run on oil.' [3]

The corporate media would have you believe that anyone who cries 'Oil!' when Iraq comes up is some kind of nut, akin to alien abductees, a 'conspiracist' no less.

 

In 2003 when the USUK invaded Iraq I was struck by the desperate pleas in the corporate press that the invasion had nothing to do with oil, accusing those who asserted that oil had everything to do with the invasion were nutty conspiracists living no doubt in Area 51.

"Conspiracy theories abound…. Others claim it was inspired by oil…. [This] theor[y] [is] largely nonsense." — The Independent, April 16, 2003.

By contrast, the oil companies were not backward in coming forward concerning the central role of oil in the invasion of Iraq, echoing what the suits over at the Heritage Foundation were saying:

"I would say that especially the U.S. oil companies…look forward to the idea that Iraq will be open for business [after the overthrow of Saddam]," says an executive from one of the world's largest oil companies."


"What they [the neo-conservatives in the Bush administration] have in mind is denationalization, and then parceling Iraqi oil out to American oil companies…. We take over Iraq, install our regime, produce oil at the maximum rate and tell Saudi Arabia to go to hell." James E. Akins, former U.S. ambassador to Saudi Arabia.

 

"It's probably going to spell the end of OPEC." Shoshana Bryen, director of special projects for JINSA (Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs), "After the fall of Iraq and the privatisation of its oil, that is."


"American companies will have a big shot at Iraqi oil," Ahmed Chalabi in the Washington Post.

 

In "The Future of a Post-Saddam Iraq: A Blueprint for American Involvement," a series of Heritage Foundation documents, sets out a plan for the privatisation of Iraq's oil and indeed the privatisation of its entire economy. [4]

 

Is it a conspiracy? Well it depends what you mean by the word. The dictionary definitions are as follows:

1. the act of conspiring.

 

2. an evil, unlawful, treacherous, or surreptitious plan formulated in secret by two or more persons;

 

3. a combination of persons for a secret, unlawful, or evil purpose.

 

4. Law. an agreement by two or more persons to commit a crime, fraud, or other wrongful act.

 

5. any concurrence in action; combination in bringing about a given result.

I would have thought that collectively all fit the description of the invasion of Iraq, after all Bush and Blair conspired to deceive the world by fabricating evidence of Iraq's weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in order to illegally invade the country. They conspired (with others) to destroy a country and steal its resources, ergo: a conspiracy.

 

That said, there are those who go much, much further, asserting that there is a global conspiracy extending back at least one hundred years and consisting of the political classes of the US and the UK who along with powerful banking and energy conglomerates have sought to control the planet, its resources, markets and labour. But is it a conspiracy or merely imperialism doing what it does best; plunder, murder and colonize? In other words, do we need a conspiracy to explain events? And what if it is a global conspiracy extending back well over a century? It doesn't change anything, we are still confronted with the same forces.

 

The proper question to ask is: Why does the corporate/state media insist on using the word conspiracy to pour derision on anyone who questions the prevailing orthodoxy? The answer is immediately obvious: the word conspiracy has been distorted to mean not its dictionary definition but any and all who challenge the reasons supplied by our political masters as to why things happen.

 

History is littered with all manner of state and/or corporate conspiracies from the Reichstag Fire to the Tonkin Gulf provocation, to the CIA/ITT's overthrow of Allende in Chile, to Iraq's non-existent WMD, hence the need to decouple oil and Iraq/Iran/Afghanistan just in case people come to the right conclusions as to why things happen.

 

Thus language is mutilated to serve the objectives of the corporate class and it's aided by the real conspiracy nuts who see everything as a conspiracy, sometimes stretching back centuries and involving secret cabals of one kind or another. Connecting the left to this crew serves to degrade our argument and surely this is the objective.

 

There is no doubt that the international criminal class liase, plot and plan, this is what the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is all about as is Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs), the UK equivalent and both organizations were setup in the opening decades of the 20th century as the 'Anglo-Saxon Alliance' firmed up. A roll call of CFR members illustrates the fact that major Western governments are all effectively servants of Big Capital.

 

Likewise with the Bilderberg group, composed of international 'captains of industry' and key policy makers of the political classes of the leading capitalist states. But is it a conspiracy? On one level no, after all, it's quite legitimate for the ruling classes to plan and organize, this is why Washington DC is bursting at the seams with all manner of 'Foundations' and 'Think Tanks'. Since the end of WWII billions of dollars of public and private finance has poured into these organizations. Their objective? To spread the 'free market' and to counter all opposition by fair means or foul.

"…the most powerful men in the world met for the first time" in Oosterbeek, Netherlands [over fifty years ago], "debated the future of the world," and decided to meet annually in secret. They called themselves the Bilderberg Group with a membership representing a who's who of world power elites, mostly from America, Canada, and Western Europe with familiar names like David Rockefeller, Henry Kissinger, Bill Clinton, Gordon Brown, Angela Merkel, Alan Greenspan, Ben Bernanke, Larry Summers, Tim Geithner, Lloyd Blankfein, George Soros, Donald Rumsfeld, Rupert Murdoch, other heads of state, influential senators, congressmen and parliamentarians, Pentagon and NATO brass, members of European royalty, selected media figures, and invited others - some quietly by some accounts like Barack Obama and many of his top officials." — 'The True Story of the Bilderberg Group' By Daniel Estulin.[5]

It is clear that modern capitalism has evolved over several overlapping generations with all the appearance of a conspiracy in the broadest sense and of the most sophisticated kind, employing a vast army of operatives that include key elements of the media, academia, business and policymakers both within and outside government. A 'conspiracy' to maintain capitalism as the only permissible form of society, how could it be otherwise? There is simply too much at stake and for proof of this we need only look at how this powerful international business/government/media elite conspired to kill COP15 regardless of the consequences.

 

Family, education and business ties—with the state as 'mediator'—have created what is now an international network that connects the ruling classes of the most powerful capitalist states, that's why they have a Bilderberg Group, it's where business heads, the political class, selected media and academics can meet and formulate strategies and tactics, necessary in a world where communications are now virtually instantaneous. It won't do to have governments making statements that are out of line with the 'consensus', as happens from time to time and illusion briefly shattered.

 

In a world where the dominant economic forces are a couple of hundred or so major corporations, corporations that de facto, ensure that their respective governments enact policies favourable to their survival and increasing prosperity for the major shareholders, the logical thing to do is to combine over issues that affect them all. I would be extremely surprised if the Bilderberg Group or something like it, didn't exist.

 

And the issues are plain to see: Access to and control/ownership of resources; access to cheap labour; free movement of capital; and last but not least, neutralizing challenges to the rule of capital wherever they appear.

 

Arrayed against us, the people, is a vast apparatus of control and manipulation that embraces governmental, 'non'-governmental, private foundations, the media, state and corporate, 'entertainment' in all it's wondrous forms, think tanks, institutes, foundations, academia, formal and informal bodies, both national and transnational, associations, ngos and 'ngos', charities and 'charities', all of which are heavily subsidized by the state and / or corporations. Who needs 'The Illuminati' when we have all this arrayed against us?

 


Notes

 

1. See 'In Post-War Iraq, Use Military Forces to Secure Vital U.S. Interests, Not for Nation-Building' by Baker Spring and Jack Spencer, Backgrounder #1589, September 25, 2002.

 

"The Administration should make it clear that a U.S. military presence in post-war Iraq will be deployed to secure vital U.S. interests, not as an exercise in so-called nation-building—the Clinton Administration's open-ended policy of sending American troops into troubled regions where vital U.S. security interests were not directly threatened."

 

2. I think the best (and most succinct) analysis of this period has been made by F. William Engdahl in his 'A Century of War' Anglo-American Oil Politics and the New World Order', see my review of it here. Buy the book here at Pluto Books.

 

3. See 'Pentagon's Role in Global Catastrophe: Add Climate Havoc to War Crimes' By Sara Flounders for data on the gigantic oil appetite of the US Military.

 

And here's the source, 'US military oil pains' by Sohbet Karbuz, Energy Bulletin, 17 February, 2007. It should be noted that the figures used in the article are over two years old and far from complete, as they only include oil bought directly by the DoD. Whatever the figure it's staggering, probably as high as $30 billion annually with no sign of any kind of reduction on the horizon, at least according to the DoD:

 

""In fiscal 2005, DESC will buy about 128 million barrels of fuel at a cost of $8.5 billion, and Jet fuel constitutes nearly 70% of DoD's petroleum product purchases."

 

"For some, this is not enough though. "Because DOD's consumption of oil represents the highest priority of all uses, there will be no fundamental limits to DOD's fuel supply for many, many decades."" — 'United States Department of Defense … or Empire of Defense?' By Sohbet Karbuz, 6 February, 2006

 

4. http://www.heritage.org/Research/MiddleEast/bg1632.cfm, http://www.heritage.org/Research/MiddleEast/bg1633.cfm  

 

5. See 'The True Story of the Bilderberg Group and What They May Be Planning Now.' A Review of Daniel Estulin's book by Stephen Lendman  

 



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[ALOCHONA] Blacklisted firm given machine readable passport job



Blacklisted firm given machine readable passport job
 
 
 
 



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[mukto-mona] RE: [political_analysts] History of Islamic Jihad-Jihad against Romania



Dear sirs,
 
Assalamu Alaikum Mr Satbir is writing a series of articles on so-called Jihad by Muslims in different countries.He is trying to blame Muslims everewhwhere.The porpose is clear.
He should rwrite on the wars of Colonial powers in the 18th,19th and20th centuries which were much more in number, much more brutal, genocidal.He could write onEuropean wars of thousand  tears with so much bloodltting.
 
Muslims in the age of imperialism were not angels, they were mostly kings wantes to expand state.But the difference was almost no genocide, freedom of religion for all,security for Non _muslims against a small tax, In most cases they were  not colonialists, they settled in the new countries, became local.
 
Mr Satbir is a propagandist ant an biased academic writer.
 
Shah Abdul Hannan
 
 


From: political_analysts@yahoogroups.com [mailto:political_analysts@yahoogroups.com] On Behalf Of satbir singh
Sent: Thursday, January 14, 2010 5:50 AM
To: Issuesonline_worldwide@yahoogroups.com; janshakti@yahoogroups.com; contribute@yahoogroups.com; Branded_Indian@yahoogroups.com; political_analysts@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [political_analysts] History of Islamic Jihad-Jihad against Romania

 

In the fourteenth century, the Ottoman Turks expanded their empire from Anatolia to the Balkans. They crossed the Bosporus in 1352 and crushed the Serbs at the battle of Kosovo Polje, in the south of modern-day Yugoslavia, in 1389. Walachia's (ancient Romania) Prince Mircea the Old (1386-1418) sent his forces to Kosovo to fight beside the Serbs; so soon after the battle Sultan Beyazid marched on Walachia and imprisoned Mircea until he pledged to pay tribute.
__________________________________
Fifteenth century Wallachian prince Vlad Tepes (or Prince Vlad III) fought fire with fire. He is credited with being the legendary Dracula, the vampire-count featured in the classic horror story Dracula (1897) written by novelist Bram Stroker. Many historians make an association between the mythical vampire and the historical figure of Prince Vlad III, known in his homeland as Vlad Tepes (Vlad the Impaler), prince of Wallachia three times, in 1448, 1456-1462 and 1475.
__________________________________
After a failed attempt to break the sultan's grip, Mircea fled to Transylvania and enlisted his forces in a crusade called by Hungary's King Sigismund. But unfortunately the campaign ended miserably: the Turks routed Sigismund's forces in 1396 at Nicopolis in present-day Bulgaria, and Mircea and his men were lucky to escape across the Danube.
Mongol Assault on the Ottomans gave respite to Romania from a renewed Jihadi attack
In 1402 Walachia gained a respite from Ottoman pressure as the Mongol leader Tamerlane attacked the Ottomans from the east, killed the sultan Beyazid, and sparked a civil war among the Ottomans.
When the Mongol threat had passed, the Ottomans renewed their assault on the Balkans. In 1417 Mircea after more than half a century of resistance, finally capitulated to Sultan Mehmed I and agreed to pay an annual tribute and surrender territory.
Ottomans use a fake peace treaty to regroup and launch an assault deeper into the heart of Europe
But this truce was a deceptive one that was used by the Ottomans to regroup, to launch an assault deeper into the heart of Europe, by attacking Poland. In this assault, launched in 1444 the Ottomans routed European forces at Varna in contemporary Bulgaria. And when Constantinople succumbed in 1453, the Ottomans cut off Genoese and Venetian galleys from Black Sea ports, trade ceased, and the Romanian principalities' isolation deepened.
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Prince Vlad Tepes (made popular in the Dracula fable) impaling the Turks who had invaded his homeland Romania. Vlad achieved renown beyond Wallachia's borders as a successful fighter against the Turks and a ruthless ruler. Notorious for his brutal punishment methods, he gained the name Tepes (Impaler) after his favorite form of punishing his Muslim enemies - impaling them on a wooden stake.
But not many know that Vlad Dracula had originally learnt this habit of impaling the Turks on stakes from the tactics used by the Turks themselves during his campaigns against them along with the famous Hungarian hero, Janos Hunyad. Before Vlad, there has been no mention of impaling of thousands of captured enemy prisoners in European History.
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At this time of near desperation, a Magyarized (Hungaryianized) Romanian from Transylvania, Janos Hunyadi, became regent of Hungary. Hunyadi, was to become a hero of the wars against the Ottomans. He mobilized Hungary against the Turks, equipping a mercenary army funded by the first tax ever levied on Hungary's nobles. He scored a resounding victory over the Turks and liberated Belgrade in 1456, but unfortunately died of plague soon after the battle. Childhood brutalities at the hands of the Ottomans deeply seared Prince Vlad's psyche against Muslim depredations
In one of his final acts, Hunyadi installed Vlad Tepes as the regent of Romania, around whom evolved the legend of count Dracula. Vlad had an eventful reign from 1456 to 1462. he had seen from his early childhood, the depredations of the Turks against the Romanians. He also had a traumatic childhood, fleeing from the Turks and consequently had cultivated an abhorrence for them.
These childhood experiences influenced his character and when he grew up, he took abnormal pleasure in inflicting torture and watching his Turkish victims writhe in agony. He also defied the Sultan by refusing to pay tribute. In 1461 Hamsa Pasha tried to lure Vlad into a trap, but the Walachian prince discovered the deception, captured Hamsa and his men, impaled them on wooden stakes, and abandoned them. Sultan Mohammed later invaded Walachia and drove Vlad into exile in Hungary. Although Vlad eventually returned to Walachia, he was murdered shortly thereafter, and Walachia's resistance to the Ottomans softened.
Moldavia’s resistance to the Muslims
Meanwhile in Eastern Romania, in Moldavia and its prince, Stephen the Great (1457-1504), were the Romanian principalities' last hope of repelling the Ottoman threat. Stephen had proved his mettle when he drew on Moldavia's peasantry to raise a 55,000-man army and repelled the invading forces of Hungary's King Corvinus in a daring night attack. Stephen's army also invaded Walachia in 1471 and defeated the Turks when they retaliated in 1473 and 1474. After these victories, Stephen implored Pope Sixtus IV to forge a Christian alliance against the Turks. The pope replied with a letter naming Stephen an "Athlete of Christ," but he did not heed Stephen's calls for Christian unity.
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The Romanians' last hero before the Turks closed their stranglehold on the principalities was Walachia's Michael the Brave (1593-1601). Once enthroned, however, he rounded up extortionist Turkish lenders, locked them in a building, and burned it to the ground. His forces then overran several key Turkish fortresses. Michael's ultimate goal was complete independence.
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During the last decades of Stephen's reign, the Turks increased the pressure on Moldavia. They captured key Black Sea ports in 1484 and burned Moldavia's capital, Suceava, in 1485. Stephen rebounded with a victory in 1486 but thereafter confined his efforts to secure Moldavia's independence to the diplomatic arena.
Frustrated by vain attempts to unite the West against the Turks, Stephen, on his deathbed, told his son to carry on the struggle against the infidel Turks and expel them from Europe. But unfortunately succession struggles weakened Moldavia after his death.
In 1514 greedy nobles sparked a widespread peasant revolt in Hungary and Transylvania. Hungary was vulnerable to outside aggression. Taking advantage of these unsettled conditions, the Ottomans stormed Belgrade in 1521, routed a feeble Hungarian army at Mohcs in 1526, and conquered Buda in 1541. They installed a Pasha (Governor) to rule over central Hungary; Transylvania became an autonomous principality under Ottoman suzerainty; and the Habsburgs assumed control over fragments of northern and western Hungary.
After the Ottomans conquered Buda, Walachia and Moldavia lost all but the veneer of independence and the Ottomans exacted heavy tribute. The Turks chose Walachian and Moldavian princes from among the sons of nobles as hostages to be taken to Constantinople for being enlisted as Janissaries in the ottoman army. A few of the princes chose death to a life of servitude.
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Legend and folklore also helped in the fight against the tyrannical Muslim Turks. In many of the wars of liberation, the Romanian kings told their soldiers that angels from heaven would bless them, if they secured martyrdom while fighting the infidel Muslim Ottoman Turks. One such illustrious king was Michael the Brave who inspired not just the Romanians but all peoples of the Balkan nations to struggle against the Turks for national freedom. All these nations have suffered greatly - and bear the scars - of the Ottomans. In the case of Albania, this process is particularly marked, with the effects being less prominent in Romania, Bulgaria and Greece only by the measure of the population change in these regions. In the case of Albania, the entire original Christian population was forcibly converted to Islam and so Christianity was fully supplanted by Islam.
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The Romanians' last hero before the Turks closed their stranglehold on the principalities was Walachia's Michael the Brave (1593-1601). After he was enthroned, however, he rounded up extortionist Turkish lenders, locked them in a building, and burned it to the ground. His forces then overran several key Turkish fortresses. Michael's ultimate goal was complete independence. In 1600, Michael conquered Moldavia.
For the first time a single Romanian prince ruled over all Romanians, and the Romanian people sensed the first stirring of a national identity. Michael the Brave grew more impressive in legend as in life, and his short-lived unification of the Romanian lands later inspired not just the Romanians but all Christian peoples of the Balkan nations to struggle against the Muslim Turks for national freedom.
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There have been very few instances in the history of the Islamic Jihad, where the inveterate brutality of the Muslims was surpassed by their adversaries. They included the Nubians of Southern Sudan, the Franks of France, the Crusaders, the Mongols under Hulagu Khan who massacred the entire city of Baghdad and the Romanians (of the Dracula legend). All these people had one thing in common they successfully checkmated and defeated the Islamic Jihadis.
In this string of people, it was the Romanians and the Crusaders who excelled in overawing the Jihadis in their monstrosity. While the Crusaders are reputed to have roasted and eaten the Jihadis in Anatolia, during the fury of the first Crusade, it was the Romanians who instituted the practice of impaling thousands of captured Jihadis who made up the Ottoman Turkish army. Among the Romanian kings who were particularly ruthless was Vlad the Impaler (circa 1420-1476) who became notorious as Dracula.
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All the Balkan nations have suffered greatly - and bear the scars - of the Ottomans. In the case of Albania, this process is particularly marked, with the effects being less prominent in Romania, Bulgaria and Greece only by the measure of the population change in these regions. In the case of Albania, the entire original Christian population was forcibly converted to Islam and so Christianity was fully supplanted by Islam.
The Legend of Dracula and the Lessons of the Romanian Struggle against the Jihad
There have been very few instances in the history of the Islamic Jihad, where the inveterate brutality of the Muslims was surpassed by their adversaries. They included the Nubians of Southern Sudan, the Franks of France, the Crusaders, the Mongols under Hulagu Khan who massacred the entire city of Baghdad and the Romanians (of the Dracula legend). All these people had one thing in common they successfully checkmated and defeated the Islamic Jihadis. In this string of people, it was the Romanians and the Crusaders who excelled in overawing the Jihadis with their raw monstrosity. And this is precisely why they could defeat the Jihadi Terrorists.
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After every battle, Vlad used brutal terror tactics against the Muslim Turks, impaling tens of thousands of them upon stakes, thereby earning his nickname. His name has also been associated in western literature as a vampire - although this is completely unrelated to his real activities, since he never drank the blood of his Muslim adversaries, as against the Crusaders who have been documented to have roasted and consumed their Muslim adversaries. For the terror he instilled in their hearts, the Turks never forgave Vlad and by deceit they succeed in eventually getting him murdered. So much was their paranoia that they had his head delivered to the Sultan of Turkey on a platter, as proof that their great enemy was actually dead!
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While the Crusaders are reputed to have roasted and eaten the Jihadis in Anatolia, during the fury of the first Crusade, it was the Romanians who instituted the practice of impaling thousands of captured Jihadis who made up the Ottoman Turkish army. Among the Romanian kings who were particularly ruthless was Vlad the Impaler who became notorious as Dracula (circa 1420-1476).
Vlad used brutal terror tactics against the Turks, impaling tens of thousands of them upon stakes, thereby earning his nickname. His name has also been used in Western literature as a vampire - although this is completely unrelated to his real activities, since he never drank the blood of his Muslim adversaries, as against the Crusaders who have been documented to have roasted and consumed their Muslim adversaries.
For the terror he instilled in their hearts, the Turks never forgave Vlad and by deceit they succeed in eventually getting him murdered. So much was their paranoia that they had his head delivered to the Sultan of Turkey on a platter, as proof that their great enemy was actually dead.
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Vlad was in fact the terror of the Jihadi Ottoman Empire for many years, and through his sheer terrorism he inflicted some of the greatest defeats upon the Ottomans during their long reign in the Balkans. And his raw monstrosity was precisely why he could defeat the Jihadi Terrorists as long as he lived.
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But while he lived, with his overawing brutality Vlad Dracula, managed to terrorize the Turks. He even managed to liberate Walachia from the Turks for a short while. Although his name has been appropriated for another completely unconnected use in western literature (as a vampire), Vlad was in fact the terror of the Jihadi Ottoman Empire for many years, and through his sheer terrorism he inflicted some of the greatest defeats upon the Ottomans during their long reign in the Balkans.
Romanians learnt the technique of Impaling from the Jihadis
But not many know that Vlad Dracula had originally learnt this habit of impaling the Turks on stakes from the tactics used by the Turks themselves during his campaigns against them along with the famous Hungarian hero, Janos Hunyad. Before Vlad, there has been no mention of impaling of thousands of captured enemy prisoners in European History.
In 1461, Walachian soldiers took a Turkish fort called Giurgiu near the Turkish center of Nicopolis and slaughtered all the Turks they could find, impaling them on stakes, with the tallest stake being reserved for the Turkish Pasha (Governor) of Nicopolis, Hamza Pasha.
In one instance Vlad Dracula impaled 20,000 Turks - the sight of the massacre so shook an invading Turkish army that they turned back rather than face the man who could do such a thing - even though, ironically, Vlad had learned the impaling trick from the Turks themselves. Vlad the Dracula continued impaling all the Turks he could lay his hands on all along the Danube to the Black Sea, sending a message back to the Hungarian court that "we have killed 23,884 Turks". Accompanying this message, Dracula sent two bags full of Turkish heads, ears and noses to underline his point.
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In 1462 in a series of battles along the Danube river, Vlad’s forces were joined by female conscripts, who fought the Turks with a ferocity unexpected of women. In one of these skirmishes, the Turkish Sultan himself barely escaped capture when a Walachian party led by a contingent of lady warriors raided his camp in the Carpathinian mountains overlooking Tirgoviste. Thousands of Turks were captured and killed in this engagement - and when the Sultan advanced upon Tirgoviste itself, he found a mile long gorge filled with 20,000 impaled Turks. The brutal display was too much even for the notoriously cruel Turks.
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By 1462, the Ottomans had drawn up an overwhelming army of 60,000 men to wipe out this bold and brave Walachian Prince who threatened to uproot Turkish tyranny from the Balkans. The Turks advanced in two parts - half of them sailed along the Danube River while the other half marched overland through Bulgaria.
Vlad’s men kept the Turks shadowed along the Danube - when the Turks started disembarking, the Walachians burst upon them from the forest on horseback and drove them back into their boats with the ferocity of their attack. However, Vlad knew that he could not face the Turks in open battle, as he did not have the numbers to defeat the Jihadis in this manner. So he decided to wage a guerrilla war against the Turks, combining it with a scorched earth policy. Constant raids and food shortages then took their toll on the invading Turkish army.
In 1462 in a series of battles along the Danube river, Vlad’s forces were joined by Romanian female conscripts, who fought the Turks with a ferocity unexpected of women. In one of these skirmishes, the Turkish Sultan himself barely escaped capture when a Walachian party led by a contingent of lady warriors raided his camp in the Carpathinian mountains overlooking Tirgoviste.
Lessons from the Impaling of Turkish soldiers for us today in the War on Terror
Thousands of Turks were captured and killed in this engagement - and when the Sultan advanced upon Tirgoviste itself, he found a mile long gorge filled with 20,000 impaled Turks. The brutal display was too much even for the notoriously cruel Turks. They withdrew without joining battle for Tirgoviste, with the Sultan complaining that he could not "win this land from a man who does such things".
Herein lies a heart-wrenching but unavoidable strategic reality that only if you are more cruel than the Muslims do you stand a chance to beat them off on the battlefield. Battling and defeating the Muslims is not the job for the faint-hearted and lily-livered. In the Muslims we face a blood-thirsty enemy, and we need an antidote that is stronger than the venom of Islam, if we are to outmatch Islam.
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Romanian resistance Turkish rule continued uninterrupted until the end of the 16th Century, when another Walachian prince, Michael the Brave, led a revolt against the Ottomans and succeeded in liberating Walachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania, uniting these regions for a brief period until 1601. Michael is to this day the national hero of Romania for his part in this uprising and for being the first to combine the three territories that were to form Romania.
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Now the Turks resorted to subterfuge, and promised the throne of Romania to Vlad’s (Dracula’s) brother who was held by the Turks in captivity and had been brought up a leader of the Janisaaries and was Muslim by conviction. This brother began exploiting the divisions in the ranks of the Romanians. As Vlad's ruthless march against the Turks had earned him enemies amongst those traitor Romanians who had been appointed to high rank by the Turks as Tax collectors, and who had been stripped of their rank and privileges by Dracula, they united against Vlad.
Seizing the divisions among the Romanians, Vlad’s brother led the Jannisaries who were joined by the traitor contingents, who wanted to over throw Vlad and regain their privileges. Sadly for Romania, Vlad was defeated and then deposed as Prince of Walachia by his traitor brother who collaborated with the Turks.
After being attacked by his brother's forces, Vlad fled to the Hungarian capital, where he was given refuge. In 1476, he once again became prince of Walachia after liberating Romania with a new army. His reign did not last long. He was ambushed by the Janisarries outside Bucharest, his headless corpse was found in a swamp. His head was delivered on a platter to the Turkish Sultan at Constantinople - the Jihadis final revenge on the Romanian prince who had inflicted so many defeats upon them. Walachia then fell once again under Ottoman rule.
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While Prince Vlad lived, with his overawing brutality he managed to terrorize the Turks. He even managed to liberate Walachia from the Turks for a short while. Although his name has been appropriated for another completely unconnected use in western literature (as a vampire and Dracula), Vlad was in fact the terror of the Jihadi Ottoman Empire for many years, and through his sheer audacity he inflicted some of the greatest defeats upon the Ottomans during their long tyranny of over five centuries in the Balkans.
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Romanian resistance Turkish rule continued uninterrupted until the end of the 16th Century, when another Walachian prince, Michael the Brave, led a revolt against the Ottomans and succeeded in liberating Walachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania, uniting these regions for a brief period until 1601. Michael is to this day the national hero of Romania for his part in this uprising and for being the first to combine the three territories that were to form Romania.
The rise of Imperial Russia under Tsarina Katerina (Catherine the Great) proved to be Romania's eventual salvation. Declaring Russia to be the protector of all Orthodox Christians, the Tsarina Katerina of Russia coerced the Ottomans to relent and allow a measure of autonomy in Walachia and Moldavia. This was to culminate in 1829 when the two regions were to be formally attached to Russia as protectorates. The two regions still were however obliged to pay tributes to the Ottomans - a sort of blackmail to prevent further military intervention.
Romania’s Final Independence from Ottomans
By 1857, the regions of Moldavia and Walachia had built themselves up to the point where they were prepared to declare themselves independent. In that year the two states' legislative bodies (made up out of a limited franchise) voted for political union and independence, creating a state with the name Romania. The Ottomans were finally removed as a factor from the Romanian state - after a 500 year occupation - following a Russian-Romanian victory over the Ottomans in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78.



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[mukto-mona] hi

choto chachu is that u??? plz reply!!!

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