Oh sure and you people never chant any slogans, never come on streets and never vandalize. You just sit in your Mosques and pray for man-kind everyday, right?
--- In alochona@yahoogroups.com, "Emanur Rahman" <emanur@...> wrote:
>
> This calls for an Awami League "missil" surely? They can burn cars, buses, books and fight running battles with a few policemen (unlikely) and chant great slogans about Mujib and his dynasty. In fact, anything but....
>
> ....lodge any kind of meaningful protest with these respected academics and publishers.
>
> After all, who apart from themselves would take any of their drivel seriously??
>
>
> Emanur Rahman | m. +447734567561 | e. emanur@...
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: "Mahbubur Razzaque" <mmrazzaque@...>
> Sender: alochona@yahoogroups.com
> Date: Wed, 10 Nov 2010 18:48:00
> To: <dahuk@yahoogroups.com>; <alochona@yahoogroups.com>
> Reply-To: alochona@yahoogroups.com
> Cc: <banglarnari@yahoogroups.com>
> Subject: [ALOCHONA] The war of 1971: Civil War or Liberation War?
>
> The war of 1971: Civil War or Liberation War?
>
> M. Mahbubur Razzaque
>
> The recent incidents related to the international war-crime tribunal in
> Bangladesh led me to look into the academic records on the war of 1971.
> Though the Bangladeshi people considers the war as "liberation war" of
> Bangladesh, the academic records of all international institutions generally
> mentions it as either civil war or India-Pakistan war.
>
> I browsed a number of popular encyclopedia such as:
>
> 1. Encyclopedia Britannica of Encyclopedia Britannica Inc.,
>
> 2. World Encyclopedia, A Dictionary of World History, The Oxford
> Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World and Concise Oxford Companion to the
> English Language of Oxford University Press,
>
> 3. The Columbia Encyclopedia of Columbia University Press,
>
> 4. Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh of the Asiatic
> Society of Bangladesh and
>
> 5. MSN Encarta of Microsoft Inc.
>
> The records under the entry Bangladesh are listed below:
>
> 1. Bangladesh emerged as an independent and sovereign country on 16
> December 1971 following a nine month WAR OF LIBERATION.
>
> Source: Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Vol. 1, Published
> by the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, March 2003.
>
> 2. In 1971, the territory seceded from Pakistan during a short war
> and became independent.
>
> Source: Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language, 1998, Author: TOM
> McARTHUR
>
> 3. The Awami League a political party campaigned openly for
> Bengali autonomy. In 1970 the Awami League won a majority of seats in the
> National Assembly, but the Pakistan government postponed convening the
> Assembly. Violence erupted and guerrilla warfare resulted. Millions of
> refugees fled to India, which finally entered the war on the side of the
> Bengalis and ensured West Pakistan's defeat. On December, 16, 1971, East
> Bengal became the independent nation of Bangladesh, with the capital at
> Dhaka.
> S
> ource: The New Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. 1, Published by: Encyclopedia
> Britannica Inc., 1994.
>
> 4. In 1970 elections, the Awami League, led by Mujibur Rahman, won a
> landslide victory. In March 1971, the League unilaterally declared
> independence and civil war ensued. During nine months of fighting, more than
> one million East Bengalis were killed and millions more forced into exile,
> mainly to India. With Indian military assistance, East Bengal defeated
> Pakistan and gained independence as Bangladesh.
>
> Source: World Encyclopedia, Published by Oxford University Press, 2005.
>
> 5. In 1966 the Awami League put forward a demand for greater
> autonomy which it proposed to implement after its victory in the 1970
> elections. In March 1971, when this demand was rejected by the military
> government of Pakistan, civil war began, leading to a massive exodus of
> refugees to India. India sent help to the East Pakistan guerrillas (the
> Mukti Bahini). In the war of December 1971, Indian troops defeated the
> Pakistan forces in East Pakistan. The independence of Bangladesh was
> proclaimed in 1971 and recognized by Pakistan in 1974.
>
> Source: A Dictionary of World History, Published by Oxford University Press,
> 2000.
>
> 6. The government's attempts to forestall the autonomy bid led to
> general strikes and nonpayment of taxes in East Pakistan and finally to
> civil war on Mar. 25, 1971. On the following day the Awami League's leaders
> proclaimed the independence of Bangladesh. During the months of conflict an
> estimated one million Bengalis were killed in East Pakistan and another 10
> million fled into exile in India.
> Source: The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2007, Columbia University Press.
>
> 7. By the mid 1950s Bengali enthusiasm for the Muslim League, which
> had spearheaded Pakistani independence, became deeply eroded. The growing
> rift between Pakistan's eastern and western wings broke into rebellion in
> 1971, and, led by the secular nationalist Awami League, an independent
> Bangladesh was born.
>
> Source: The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World, Vol. 1: Editor
> in chief: J. L.
> Esposito, Published by: Oxford University Press, 1995.
>
> Whether we like it or not, it is only the Banglapedia where the war of at
> the birth of Bangladesh is reported as the WAR OF LIBERATION. This
> encyclopedia is published by the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
> Unfortunately other encyclopedias published by famous academic publishers
> associated with renowned academic institutions reported the war as either a
> civil war or a rebellion.
>
>
> The records of other entries under Mujibur Rahman, Dhaka, India, Pakistan
> and India Pakistan Wars are listed below:
>
> Entry: Mujibur RahmanThe conflict between East and West Pakistan climaxed
> after the Dec., 1970, elections, in which the Awami League won a majority.
> Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , leader of West Pakistan, refused to agree to demands
> for autonomy, and Mujib was imprisoned in West Pakistan. Civil war broke out
> in Mar., 1971, when Pakistani troops were sent to put down protests in East
> Pakistan. With the aid of India, East Pakistani guerrillas proclaimed an
> independent Bangladesh , and defeated the Pakistani army in late 1971.
>
> Source: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2007
>
> Entry: Dhaka
> Severely damaged during the war of independence from Pakistan, it became
> capital of independent Bangladesh (1971).
>
> Source: World Encyclopedia, Published by Oxford University Press, 2005.
>
> Entry: India
> But these years also witnessed three brief wars between India and Pakistan,
> the last of which resulted in an independent Bangladesh in 1971.
>
> Source: The New Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. 6, Published by: Encyclopedia
> Britannica Inc., 1994.
>
> Entry: Pakistan:
> In East Pakistan demands grew for Bengali autonomy, and civil war between
> East and West erupted in 1971. Aided by an invasion of the Indian army, East
> Pakistan became the independent county of Bangladesh in 1972.
>
> Source: The New Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. 9, Published by: Encyclopedia
> Britannica Inc., 1994.
>
> East Pakistan declared its independence as Bangladesh on Mar. 26, 1971, but
> was then placed under martial law and occupied by the Pakistani army, which
> was composed entirely of troops from West Pakistan. In the ensuing civil
> war, some 10 million refugees fled to India and hundreds of thousands of
> civilians were killed. India supported Bangladesh and on Dec. 3, 1971, sent
> troops into East Pakistan. Following a two-week war between Pakistan and
> India, in which fighting also broke out along the India-West Pakistan
> border, Pakistani troops in East Pakistan surrendered (Dec. 16) and a cease-
> fire was declared on all fronts.
>
> Source: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2007
>
> Entry: India-Pakistan Wars The third war arose out of the civil war between
> East and West Pakistan in 1971. India intervened in support of East Pakistan
> (Bangladesh), and (West) Pakistan suffered a decisive defeat.
>
> Source: World Encyclopedia, Published by Oxford University Press, 2005.
>
> The 1971 War
>
> Indo-Pakistani relations deteriorated when civil war erupted in Pakistan,
> pitting the West Pakistan army against East Pakistanis demanding greater
> autonomy. The fighting forced 10 million East Pakistani Bengalis to flee to
> India.
>
> Source: The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2007, Columbia University Press.
>
> Article: Pakistan : wars : secession of Bangladesh: 1971: Pakistan
> This year the differences between East Pakistan and West Pakistan erupted
> into a civil war that claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands in the
> eastern part of the country, which is divided from West Pakistan by 1,000
> miles and by profound differences in culture and language.
>
> Source: MSN Encarta
> http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Bangladesh+war
>
>
> Other than in the entry Dhaka in the World Encyclopedia of Oxford University
> Press, the liberation war of Bangladesh is described as a civil war. It may
> be concluded that Bangladesh has failed to make majority of the academicians
> of the west recognize Bangladesh liberation war in the academic records.
>
>
> ------------------------------------
>
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