[mukto-mona] USA WANTS AL TO BE IN POWER !!!!!!

During BNP-JAMAT rule , Bangladesh was a "SAFE HAVEN" for the religious terrorists . Hon. Sheikh Hasina and her govt.'s "ZERO TOLERANCE" to terrorism has made Bangladesh "BURNING HELL" for the fundamentalists. For that reason USA wants Sheikh Hasina and AL to run Bangladesh until they are comfortable with Khaleda Zia and BNP. More over majority of Bangladeshis still has the "NIGHTMARE" of misrules of BNP_JAMAT especially the uprising of the religious terrorism during their era . Kindly read the authentic article below for details :

Jihadist Terrorism in Bangladesh

A cadre of Vigilante Muslim Forces (JMJB), is beating a local youth for his refusal to join the party

Remains of victims of Jamati bomb attack on the British High Commissioner in Sylhet

Taliban training video is used to train the cadres of Jamat backed terrorist groups

The Police-Siddik fellowship

Stat of bomb incidences by Jihadists since 1999

Date	Location	District	Target	Weapons used	No of deaths	No of injuries	Updates
9 Sep 04	Chittagong	Chittagong	public-bomb scare	bomb found in a bin on the street		1
9 Sep 04	Noapara		public	4 bombs 800gm explosive material			3 arrested
9 Sep 04	Tekerhat		public	5 kilos of materials			2 arrested
9 Sep 04	Faridpur	Faridpur	bomb scare	3 bombs, 3 round SLR bullets, explosive materials	-	13
9 Sep 04	Madaripur	Madaripur	Planned bomb scare	26,000 chocolate bombs captured	-	-
		Sylhet	exploded in the Jihadists' house	Shell of anti air craft gun (army issue) exploded		5
21 Aug 04	Rally against terrorism in front of AL office	Dhaka	Sheikh Hisina & key AL leaders	Grenade & gunshot	19	300	A Hindu cyber cafe owner Partha Saha is arrested and maimed by police torture in custody. Govt is trying to implicate Al and India
	Shrine of Shah Jalal	Sylhet	Mayor	Bomb
21 May 04	Shrine of Shah Jalal	Sylhet	The British High Commissioner	Grenade	03	50	No progress
21 Feb 04	Fulbaria	Mymensingh	Rally on Language Movement day	Bomb recovered from water tank			No progress
28 Jan 04	Winter fair, Golakandail, Rupgonj	Narayangonj	Visitors of centuries old traditional winter fair	bomb	02	20
12 Jan 04	Shrine of Shah Jalal	Sylhet	Religious congregation	bomb	05	50
13 Feb 03	Islami Militants Camp (Jamaatul Mujahidin) at Chhoto Gurgola	Dinajpur	Documents revealed that the terrorist were planning to bomb an open air concert at Dinajpur Stadium and Festival of Painting Hena / Mehendi in hands.	bombs exploded in the house of the jihadist		15	Accused were released by Court due to lack of evidence
17 Jan 03	Shrine of Pagla Pir at Shakhipur	Tangail	Village carnival	bomb	07	20	No progress
6 Dec 02	Four Cinema Halls	Mymensing	Viewers	Time bomb	27	300	No progress.
28 Sep 02	Gurpukurer Mela and Cinema Hall ,	Satkhira	Visitors of a folk festival	bomb went off at the fair. Another bomb was recovered from the cinema hall on the same day.		04	No progress.
26 Sep 01	Awami League public meeting	Sunamgonj	Supporters of a secular political party	bomb	04		No progress.
23 Sep 01	Awami League rally 08	Bagerhat	Election Campaign rally of a secular political party				No progress.
16 June 01	District Awami League office	Narayanganj	Office of a Secular Political party a powerful bomb was detonated	Police said the allegation against accused could not be proved.	22	50	A new case was filed accusing a number of AL activist
3 June 01	Church at Baniarchar	Gopalgonj	Christian community	Time Bomb	10	25	No progress
14 Apr 01	Ramna Park, Dhaka Dhaka	Dhaka	People celebrating Bangla new years	remote-controlled bombs were detonated	11	22	No progress
20 Jan 01	CPB Conference, Paltan Ground	Dhaka	Rally of Communist Party of Bangladesh	Explosive implement underneath the earth	07	50	No progress
20 July 00	Kotalipara, Helipad	Gopalgonj	Attempt to assassinate the then Prime minister Sheikh Hasina	Two heavy bombs were planted at the helipad	-	-	No progress
8 Oct 99	Ahmediya Mousque	Khulna	Prayer Center of Ahmediya sect.		08		No progress
6 Mar 99	Udichi Central conference 10 100	Jessore	Cultural conference	explosive implement underneath the earth	10	100	Charge sheet submitted but the process was negated by the government allowing the accused to go free.

List of people murdered and tortured by JMJB forces

Date	Victim	Locality	Method of killing
01/04/04	Wasim Babu	Bagmara	slaughtered by Siddik
11/04/04	Golam Robbani Mukul		clubbed to death. Taped agonies of Mukul under torture was played in the marketplace to scare people
22/04/04	Mosharaf Hossain	Raninagar	clubbed to death
4/04/04	Saifur	Peergachha	beaten, maimed
27/4/04	Dipankar Ray	Atrai (Kasiabari)	clubbed to death
27/4/04	Union Parishad worker
01/05/04	Sheikh Farid	Atrai (Bhopara)	beaten with hammer and hockey stick and then chopped with Chinese axe
1-5 May	3 unidentified men		mutilated dead bodies were found
May	Rabeya	Bagmara (Neempara)	committed suicide after group raped by members of JMJB
19/05/04	Abdul Quayum Badshah	Bagmara	dead body was found dangling from a tree. Badshah was taken by JMJB forces on 17 May
15-20	Khejur Ali	Raninagar (Shimba village)	his severed body was unearthed from the ground behind the JMJB camp at Bheti
June 04	Afzal Hossain	Raninagar (Bara Gachha)
30 June	Yasin Ali (25)	Bagmara Sikdari village	beaten to death and then dead body dumped at the Madrasa ground

Stats: 3 months of JMJB rule in North West Bangladesh

No of people murdered by JMJB forces	21
No of people maimed due to brutal torture	351
No of people non Muslims forced to leave Bangladesh	750
No of rape victims	178 girls
No of houses burnt	280
No of people put under forced unpaid labor	250
Estimated extortions	90,000,000,00 Tk
FINES IMPOSED BY JMJB ON NON MUSLIMS
Hindu women not wearing hijab or wearing red dot on their forehead	500.00 Tk
Sound of drum used for Hindu puja rituals during the Muslim prayer time	10,000.00 Tk
Wedding of Hindu girls without informing the Muslims	20,000 Tk

Jamat-e-Islami of Bangladesh and the Regional Jihadi Networks

by Shahriar Kabir

Badsha: a social democrat tortured to death by Mujahedins and hung for public display

Most national dailies of Bangladesh published on May 21, 2004, the gruesome photographic testimony of brutality of Bangla Bhai, the self-proclaimed militant fundamentalist, from greater Rajshahi area. Picture showed dead body of Abdul Qayum Badshah (52) of the Raninagar of Naogaon district, hanging from the branch of a tree. It has been alleged that Badshah was a member of Sarbahara Party. The Jihadi outfit, Jagrata Muslim Janata of Bangladesh (JMJB) brutally killed him and hung his dead body from a tree to warn the anti-fundamentalists of dire consequences that anyone opposing them.

Such grisly pictures were familiar during the liberation war of 1971. The Pakistani army used to kill the Bangladeshi freedom lovers and hung their dead bodies from the trees. They would at times hung them alive from the trees upside down and light fires below to roast living human beings. Alternatively, they skinned them alive while hanging. Again we saw such pictures in Taliban's Afghanistan. They killed pro-communist President Najibullah and hung his dead body publicly in Kabul. This was to demonstrate to their socialists and communist opponents what brutality the Mullah Omar's Taliban were capable of. Now again after eight years, with Talibanist coalition Government of Bangladesh, we visited similar pictures of fundamentalist brutality.

Three days after the publication of the vicious picture of hanging dead body of Badshah an appeal was published in Daily Janakantha, under the title, " Aro asankhya gachhe asankhya lash jhule thakar aggei kichhu karun" (Please act before numerous more trees have innumerable more dead bodies hanging from them). This appeal was a letter from Shafiqpur High School's Head Master Mahmud Musa, a victim himself, who wrote as follows:

"I am the Head Master of Shafiqpur High School of Rani Nagar Sub-District, Naogaon District of North Bengal. My home is also in the same village. In the last fifteen years I built this High School on own paternal property step by step, with help of education loving public of the area and public representatives. With persistent personal effort, and in my small way, thus I had managed propagation of education in the area. On May 8^th last the JMJB cadres attacked and razed to ground my four roomed inherited paternal living quarters. This incident was published in various national dailies on May 16^th, 2004. On the same day another seventy houses were razed to the ground including that of another Head Master and an elected chairman. In these conditions me and other member of my family have taken shelter in near by town. Before the tragedy of destruction of our ancestral house and leaving the village could be absorbed, the JMJB cadres abducted my elder brother (Abdul Qayum Badshah) on Wednesday May 19^th. The next day they killed him after public announcement in the microphone, all over the area. Later they hung his dead body from a road side tree in the neighbouring Baman village, of Nandigram sub-district, of Bogra District. Newspaper readers have seen this picture on last May 21^st. I heard that these butchers are looking for me. They will probably kill me with similar brutality and display my dead body, if they can find me. I am also frequently hearing similar threats of life to other members of my family. Another brother of ours has stayed back in the village risking his life, because it is now the harvesting time. They have once abducted him and after torturing him in their camp have let him go. Our family has a well- established reputation in the area. Our family has a tradition of association with progressive politics and culture. My father and brother both were established in literature and social work in the area. We were also trying to perpetuate this tradition to the best of our ability. Probably that is now considered to be my family's crime and mine.

The state of Bangladesh has a government and an administration. The country has a police and an army. This area has an elected MP, who is a deputy minister. This district also has a responsible minister. There are many human rights organizations in this country. There is a civil society. There is a government and an opposition party. I want to earnestly appeal to all of them and their sense of responsibility and conscience. I want to let them know that a citizen and an ordinary teacher is now dangerously threatened and is at high risk of life. Will you not come to the aid of this teacher, who is a refugee from his own home with friends and family, due to danger to his life? Will none of you feel responsible enough to stop this medieval terror? Do these goons who have destroyed my home and killed my brother perpetrate it in my fate to continue to see horrors? Those who are not threatened today, how are they assured that they will not be threatened tomorrow? Who is giving them this assurance? Their silence today may turn too dangerous for tomorrow. It may be too late then. I appeal to the government, the administration and conscientious citizen - " Please do something". And please do it before you observe many more dead bodies dangle from road side trees."

The writer of the above letter Mahmud Musa came to see me on 26^th May. He came to inform me about the helplessness of his whole family. I asked him if his murdered brother was actually connected with the "Sarbahara Party". Mahmud Musa said, "May be, but I do not know." He stated, "Suppose my brother had done some crime, there is a government, a police, a judicial court and law. If my brother was ordered hanged after the judicial procedure – I would have no complaint. But who is this Bangla Bhai? Is he the court or the government? By which law has he ordered the execution of my brother?" I asked Mahmud Musa if there were any pending cases against his brother with the police. The younger brother of the murdered confirmed that there were, some. But he claimed them to be all false cases. For example he said there is a case with date of crime 30/2/2000. Obviously there was never a 30^th February. I asked him, what proof he had that Bangla Bhai's JMJB had killed his brother. Musa said they (JMJB) have themselves announced and the newspapers have carried this in their report. Bangla Bhai's 2^nd in command Hemayet Hussain Himu, Jamat Amir (a leading position of Jamat-e-Islami party) of Raninagar sub-district. Muffajjal Hussain and Jamat's former worker Abul Master lead a JMJB armed gang which abducted Badshah and three others. They have hung the dead body of Badshah on a roadside tree, the other three are still missing. I asked Mahmud Musa further whether they have filed a case (FIR) in the police station. He said, "No, not yet." Badshah's family is out of the area due to the militant acts of Bangla Bhai. He himself is unable to go back to his village. Additionally, police does not accept complaints against Bangla Bhai.

Siddik: the head of Bangla Forces, an al-Quaida trained Jamati operative enforcing Taliban rules in the North western districts of Bangladesh. On April 1, 2004 Siddik inaugurated the opening of his party (JMJB) by slaughtering Babu, a young man from Palashi, Bagmara, with his long sword (used by Muslims to slaughter bulls for Korbani) in the presence of thousands of people in the play ground of a local school uttering Allah-o-Akber. Long Live Islamic Revolution.

Police's refusal to accept complaints against Bangla Bhai is very normal. It is published in the newspapers that the Police O.C. follows around as bodyguard of Bangla Bhai, the militant fundamentalist leader. The district A.S.P., the divisional D.I.G. are also the protectors of Bangla Bhai, hence in the greater Rajsahi area there is no one with enough courage to complain against Bangla Bhai. Then he revealed why the fundamentalists were mad at his family. Their family is a politically conscious family of the area. Family wise they have been associated with left movements and he once was a member of left-oriented National Awami Party of Bangladesh. Badshah and Musa's father Abdul Kader was a participant of the Tebhaga movement. Ila Mitra personally knew Abdul Kader. His grand father Sakim Sardar and great grand father Kasim Sardar were known to Rabindra Nath Tagore and had hearty relation with him. Patisar, the famous Tagore Zamindari, skirts Raninagar area. In the Ahmed Rafiq's research paper on Tagore there is a description of Rabindranath's friendly relations with Kasim Sardar of Raninagar. In their family they still learn and practice Rabindra Sangeet. They also have a tradition of reading modern literature. They had family relations with Ismail Hussain Siraji. The books that police party confiscated from their house included books by Aroj Ali Matobbar and Ahmad Safa. Musa said JMJB did not allow this year's Rabindra Jayanti celebration at Patisar. They said, "You can't sing Rabindra Sangeet – you have to sing Hamd and Naa't."

Musa does not know when they will be able to go back to their home, destroyed by Bangla Bhai. Due to the terrorist activities of militant Bangla Bhai, hundreds of people have left the area. This has been admitted by Maolana Abdur Rahman, JMJB's Amir and spiritual guru of Bangla Bhai. In an interview with Asaduzzaman Samrat of Ajker Kagoj, Maolana Rahman explained that in the greater Rajshahi area, in seven sub-districts, in this task of suppressing 'the Sarbaharas' they had active cooperation of Post and Telecommunication Minister Barrister Aminul Haq, Housing and PWD Deputy Minister Alamgir Kabir, Land Minister Ruhul Quddus Talukdar Dulu and member of Parliament Nadim Mustafa. In Bagmara, where their activities are at the peak, even MP Abu Hena is not opposing their action. They are getting full cooperation of the administration. He said there is widespread support among ordinary people of the area. In a short time they have arrested fifty people and found huge amount of weapons. More than five thousand Sarbahara have surrendered. (Ajker Kagoj, 13 May, 2004). The atrocities of Bangla Bhai, under the shelter of two BNP ministers, three MPs and Police has become so widespread that he has not been bothered by the arrest warrant ordered by the Prime Minister (before her departure for China). He is very safely and openly moving around in the area, without any cover. On May 23^rd last Bangla Bhai's storm troopers have marched in Rajshahi under police protection and displayed their arms. They came to the city riding on hundreds of motor cycles and mini-buses and submitted a memorandum to the administration. The police officers have congratulated the so-called Jihad of Bangla Bhai against the Sarbahara group.

The militant activities of self-styled militant fundamentalist Ajijur Rahman, aka Siddiqul Islam, aka "Bangla Bhai"' are being published in Bangladeshi national daily newspapers again since April 1^st week of this year. In August of last year, militant fundamentalist organization Jamiatul Mujaheedin (JM)'s members were in the limelight, when they attacked police to decamp with arms, ammunitions and the wireless sets. At that time reportage on their activities continued for about 20/21 days. In January of 1999, militant fundamentalist organization Harkat-ul Jihad al Islami's (HUJI) killers were in the news when they attacked poet Shamsur Rahman at his home. At that time Dhaka newspapers serially published story of their fundamentalist militant activities. But the present coverage of Bangla Bhai's JMJB is more widely covered. The organization was once secret and after a few arrests – the reportage subsided. This time however the reportage is continuing even after eight to nine weeks and will not subside till fundamentalist militant Bangla Bhai is arrested and JMJB banned.

In 1999 and in 2003 we were stunned and frightened to know the countrywide militant fundamentalist network of HUJI and JM, respectively. Like the underground tunnel network of a sly fox the network of these militant organizations are spread all over the country. The reason JMJB is getting more reportage is: HUJI and JM are not open organizations, but JMJB, is. Hadn't HUJI's potential killers were not caught on January 18, 1999 while trying to kill poet Shamshur Rahman, we would not have known about their presence in Bangladesh. Initially only three were captured who admitted their association with HUJI. Later, based on their admission police arrested another forty eight persons of which one was South African and another Pakistani. All these facts have been published in various national newspapers.

On 24^th January, 1999, Daily Ittefaq had published, based on an investigative report, that twenty eight other prominent artists, poets and novelists were on the hit list of HUJI. In a publication, Afghan Atlas, published from Nebraska University, USA an important research paper states, " bin Laden has ISI's logistics and intelligence support. HUJI and quite a few of Pakistan's militant organizations have connection to bin Laden. HM has connection with Dhaka based Jihadi Islami, the organization whose assignment is to recruit Bangladeshi and Indian Muslims to fight in Kashmir." At that time the Pakistani citizen Mohammad Sajjid and South African Ahmed Sadeq Ahmed had admitted to police that bin Laden had given them two crore Taka ( more than 300,000 US dollars) to build a Taliban-style militant group in Bangladesh. This money they had spent via 821 madrassas. (Reuters, Jan 28, 1999).

In spite of such concrete proof, police submitted such weak charge sheet, that the superior court criticized police for weak charge sheet. It has been seen in the last seven years that whether it is JM or HUJI – police arrested them when there is hue and cry in the newspapers – later they submitted such weak charge sheets that criminals were let go or released on bail. There is never any problem for them to get out of the jail. Last year the militant cadre of JM, who were arrested red handed with arms and seditious pamphlets, they had no problem to get out of jail on April 2^nd of this year. The present Inspector General of Police has been alleged to be a collaborator of the genocidal Pakistani army of 1971 and the current Home Secretary is known to have a Jamat connection. Thus it can be clearly surmised why to arrest or keep in custody the militant fundamentalists or to judiciously run the criminal cases against them is not on cards for the Khaleda-Nizami government.

Whenever there have been any allegation against any activities of the militant fundamentalists, immediately the Jamat-e-Islami chief and Industries Minister of the coalition government Matiur Rahman Nizami states that Jamat has no relation with militant fundamentalists. On last 24^th May he again stated in a news conference, "Jamat does not have any relation with so called JMJB or Bangla Bhai. Jamat does not have any relation with Hijbut Tahrir, Hijbut Tawheed, JM or similar organizations." (Janakantha, 25^th May 2004). On the same day at a news conference sponsored by Ekatturer Ghatak Dalal Nirmul Committee( EGDNC) and South Asia People's Union Against Fundamentalism and Communalism, Professor Kabir Choudhury said, "On January of this year in Sylhet, at Hazrat Shah Jalal's Mazar, there was bombing and five persons were killed. In February, the powerful voice against fundamentalism, Professor Humayun Azad was attacked with machete and he survived narrowly. Again on May 21, at the same Mazar of Hazrat Shah Jalal, an attempt was made on life of the newly appointed British High Commissioner to Bangladesh. In this attack another three persons were killed and nearly hundred were injured. Even though the British High Commissioner survived the attempt on his life, he is still in the hospital. Even though the investigative reporters of Bangladesh's national dailies found a member of the coalition Jamat-e-Islami responsible for the terrorist act, the coalition government, in an attempt to protect Jamat, has taken no action."

The US Asst. Secretary of State Christina Rocca expressed displeasure about the activities of Bangla Bhai, during her 3 day visit to Bangladesh , on May 18^th, last. She asked Jamat leader Matiur Nizami about Bangla Bhai's whereabout. (Janakantha, 20^th May 2004). Obviously, before coming to Bangladesh she must have done her homework on the related information and documents of proof in this regard. If Bangla Bhai did not have any relation with Jamat, Ms. Rocca would not have asked Nizami about this issue, since the issue is not about his Industries Ministry, but his party Jamat-e-Islami. No one else is expected to know better than Nizami in this regard. The chief of Jamat is an influential member of the present cabinet. Thus there is no possibility asking Nizami under arrest and oath about his party's relation to JMJB, Jamiatul Mujaheedin or other militant organizations of Bangladesh. If such hypothetical scenario ever happens, the close links between Nizami's Jamat-e-Islami and the Islamic extremist organizations would have been divulged in a second.

In August of last year, JM militants had a clash with police and a few were arrested, Jamat as usual said they had no connection with Jamat. Again on May 20^thof this year, Nizami repeated the same story to Ms. Rocca. But in last August all Bangladeshi newspapers had published reports about relation between Jamat and Jamiatul Mujaheedin. When police raided the house of Montajurul Islam, the chief accused of Khetlal militant attack, the documents they found not only had distinct proof of Jamat connection to JM but also to al Qaeda in Afghanistan. Also in August of 2003, three books written by Maolana Masud Azhar were found in the Jamiatul Mujaheedin office in Jaipurhat. Pakistan based Jaish-e Muhammad's commander Masud Azhar's name flashed across the newspaper headlines in the sub-continent in December of 1999, when Indian Airlines flight number IC 414 was hijacked. The Islamic extremists hijacked the passenger plane to Afghanistan with a primary demand to release the militant leader Masud Azhar. The Indian government was forced to release him to meet the demand of the hijackers. When he was arrested in India he had submitted in his deposition the following facts: He was born in Bhawalpur in Pakistan on July 10^th, 1968. His father was a Deobandi type strict religious person. He joined Harkatul Mujaheedin(HM) during his student days and went to Afghanistan as a Jihadi per instruction of the organizational head Maolana Fajlur Rahman Khalil. In 1993 catching an Air Emirate flight he flew in to Dhaka, Bangladesh accompanied by Sajjad Afghani. Then he went to Karachi but Sajjad Afghani went to India. In January 1998 he again came to Bangladesh, on a Portuguese passport, to enter India. On January 29^th he boarded a Bangladesh Biman flight to New Delhi. In February, on his way from Delhi to Srinagar he was arrested. (www.stratmag.com/issue2nov-15/kargil.html me of Khetlal terrorist attack, Jamat declared, that the principal accused Montajurul Islam was expelled from their party two years earlier. But according to published newspaper reports Montajurul had applied for becoming Roqan (Jamat-e-Islami's senior hierarchical position) of the Jamat and these papers were found by the police. While Police is not admitting publicly to the news reporters any connection between Jamat and JM, they admit that diaries found in the terrorist hideouts provide full list of workers and leaders of Jamat and Shibir.

"…The following were also found during search there: a. Election leaflets of Abbas Ali Khan, ex-Amir of Jamat. b. An application for monetary help from Sirajul Islam, a local Beniapara madrassa student to the Jamat funding organization Baitul Maa'l. 3. A Baniapara Ahmedia Madrassa receipt book for donations received. 4. A copy of Dhaka's Bengali daily Bhrorer Kagoj dated February 13, 1995. The newspaper had the head lines in Bengali: "Rajshahi University declared closed – two dead in Chhatradal- Shibir clash – more than 150 injured. "

After militant-police confrontation, police informed that in the hideout they also found: 1. Many books and publications belonging to Jamat and Shibir. 2. Monogrammed diaries of many Shibir activists.

The recent full day's investigation has yielded that the building where the militants had congregated for training was owned by Jamiatul Mujaheedin leader Montajurul Islam. In the concerned area processions were taken out under the leadership of Montajurul, more than a months before the January 20, 2003 brutal murder of five persons in the Pir place of Begunbari sub-district. He had openly declared in these rallies that they would oppose and annihilate any anti-Islamic activity in the area, soon after which the brutal murders were conducted. The absconding militant leader, was seen in the open, hobnobbing with the Jamat leaders and was also actively building armed JM organization. Many sources in the area inform that he regularly trained more than 100 persons military and guerrilla tactics and warfare, in his private compound. Additionally, a letters have been found which clearly establishes Jamat and Jamiatul Mujaheedin connections. In this letter district Jamat secretary Abdul Matin Sardar had given Montajurul Islam significant number of organizational directives. (see Bhorer Kagaj, 2oth Aug, 2003). In all Dhaka newspapers including prestigious "Daily Star", "Prothom Alo" and "Janakantha", in their investigative reports have stated that the Bangla Bhai's, JMJB is the open manifestation of banned organization JM.

It has been noticed that whenever the government is under pressure from donor nations they ban the fundamentalist organizations and arrest some of their operatives. Then soon after the banned organizations and operatives resurface under a different name, with the same activities. The jailed activists are soon released, as usual. The jailed militants came out of prison on April 2^nd, 2004. The same day's Janakantha carried the news that in Rajshahi, under police protection, the militants attacked and mercilessly butchered a person named Babu, who was allegedly a Sarbahara activist. They shouted slogans like, " Nara e Takbir, Alla ho Akbar." Since then for the next eight weeks, the news of Bangla Bhai's of JMJB has been reported in Bengali media with clear reference of the organization's link with Jamat and Afghan Taleban. The brother of Badshah,(the Hanging dead body of May 21), Mr. Mahmud Musa informed that Jamat's Raninagar Amir, Mufajjal Hussain was in the team of Badshah's abductors.

In the long sixty three years of Jamat-e-Islami's history, there is no example of any of their leaders ever accepting the blame/responsibility for any of their misdeeds. In 1953 Jamat's Chief Maududi was charged with murder of thirty thousand innocent Ahmadiya in Pakistan's Lahore, after a riot in which that many had lost their lives. Maududi was prosecuted, proven guilty and sentenced to death by hanging. Yet until today, Jamat has not acknowledged that they were responsible for the massacre of innocents. During the Bangladesh's war of independence, Jamat-e-Islami's militant wings like Razakar, Al Badr and Al Shams were formed simply to assist Pakistan army's perpetration of genocide, which they did in the name of protection of Islam. They tortured and murdered the freedom fighters and intellectuals in large numbers, which were published in their own party paper

"Daily Sangram". Now, however, they say that they were not involved in those murders but Awami League was. I had retorted to this blatant lie in a BBC interview. I stated that if we had to assume that Nizami or Jamat were not involved in the preparation of the list of intellectuals till the last days of 1971's Bangladesh liberation war, then we had to assume that Nizami was an Awami League activist in 1971. In that context we were supposed to believe that "Daily Sangram" was the party paper of Awami League. This is the same daily, which published vivid details of many massacres by Al Badr of freedom fighters with glowing tributes. And lastly, Nizami himself wrote many columns to inspire Al Badr cadres to kill the freedom fighters, in this ignoble newspaper.

There is a commonality of purpose between the Nizamis and the JMJB, JM and other Islamist fascist outfits. Every one of them has a goal to establish an "Islamic state" in Bangladesh like the one under the Taliban in Afghanistan, with a Koran and Shari'a based law. Where is the difference between Jamat and these militants, in goal and ideal? It is now quite evident the main pillars of Jamat's politics are: lies, deception and slyness. When Matiur Rahman Nizami says that he and Al Badr have no connection with 1971's mass murder of the Bangladeshi intellectuals, or Bangla Bhai or Montajurul have no connection with Jamat – the lies became very glaring and self-evident. If every thing is false then why does police look for Shibir activists after the bomb attack on the British High commissioner, at Shah Jalal's Mazar in Sylhet? Why did Christina Rocca ask Nizami, and not others, "What about the whereabouts of Bangla Bhai?"

According to the psychologists, continuous lying develops into a type of mental disorder. Nizami is so much overtaken by this disorder that soon a day may come when Nizami would say, "I have no relation with Jamat" or may be– "I am not Nizami." Nizamis may think that the people of Bangladesh are fools, as they perceived them in 1971. They claimed then that without Pakistan there would be no trace of Islam in the face of earth. In 1971, the people of Bangladesh, buried Pakistan, the beloved land of Nizami and his likes, to create Bangladesh. In 1971 also Jamat had a two member representation in the cabinet and they jubilantly performed all the murders and atrocities. They are repeating the story, now, again. Had any one in March, 1971 envisioned that the burial of Pakistan and Jamat would have been conducted only nine months later, in these very banks of Buri Ganga in Dhaka? The Dhaka of 1971 is now a metropolis. The progeny of the three million martyrs and this old city are waiting eagerly and are counting the days for the upcoming disaster of Jamat.

Shahriar Kabir is a writer and a human rights activist in Bangladesh

BANGLADESH & JIHADI TERRORISM --An Update
by B.Raman

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Begum Khaleda Zia Government of Bangladesh (BD), which has been in power in Dacca since 2001, looks upon the fundamentalist and jihadi elements as its objective allies. Though her Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) is by no means a fundamentalist party, she wants to use these elements to keep India destabilized externally and to weaken the opposition Awami League and its allies internally. She has shown no desire or inclination to act against either the anti-India elements from our North-East or the jihadi terrorist elements which pose a threat not only to their own country and India, but also to the South-East Asian region and the world as a whole. It has given a free hand to its military-intelligence establishment, which continues to collude with the ISI. Till now, the international community has not paid as much attention as it deserves to the signs of BD emerging as a new hub of pro-bin Laden jihadi terrorism. The situation in BD is similar to the one in Indonesia before the Bali explosion of October,2002. The Khaleda Zia Government, like the Megawati Sukarnoputri Government in Indonesia before October 2002, refuses to acknowledge the growing activities of the jihadi terrorist elements from its territory and has been avoiding any strong action against them while continuing to pay lip-service to BD's support to the so-called war against international terrorism. Like Pakistan, BD too is lacking in sincerity in its implementation of the UN Security Council Resolution No.1373 against terrorism. Unless the international community pressurizes her to start acting against the jihadi and other terrorist elements operating from BD territory, this region and the world are in for another nasty surprise similar to the Bali explosion.

THE TEXT
Concerns over the likelihood of Bangladesh emerging as a major hub of jihadi terrorism in Asia to the east of India have once again come to the fore following the publication on December 10, 2003, of an edited version of a report on Bangladesh prepared by the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) and an advisory issued by the US State Department to its citizens and officials posted in or visiting that country.

2. The CSIS report prepared in July last, edited portions of which were obtained by a media organization called the Canadian Press under the Access to Information Act, said that the Government of Bangladesh was not doing enough to prevent the country from becoming a haven for Islamic terrorists in South Asia and expressed its concern over the activities of extremists suspected to be connected to Al Qaeda of Osama bin Laden. It said that the Government of Bangladesh was unwilling to crack down on terrorism and referred to the likelihood of dangers to Canadian aid agencies in Bangladesh.

3. It also said that there have been a number of serious terrorist attacks on cultural groups and recreational facilities in Bangladesh, but the ruling Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) has been routinely blaming the opposition party for such criminal activities, rather than finding out the real perpetrators of violence.

4. According to the CSIS report, in February,2 003, Islamic militants attacked a cultural concert in a northern Bangladesh town and the police recovered bomb-making materials from radicals who claimed to be members of the militant organizations Jamaatul Mujahideen Bangladesh and Shahdat ul Hiqma. In 1998, a group called Bangladesh Jihad came to notice when one of its members signed a fatwa issued by bin Laden calling for a jihad against the US and Israel, it added.

5.In a statement issued on December 11, 2003, the Bangladesh Foreign Office strongly denied the contents of the CSIS report. It said: "The contents of the report are far from the reality on the ground. The Government remains firmly committed to combating terrorism. Some quarters are bent on tarnishing the peaceful image of Bangladesh."

6.In a separate statement issued at Ottawa the same day, the Bangladesh's High Commissioner in Ottawa, Mohsin Ali Khan, denied that his country had become a terrorist haven and asserted that his Government was very "conscious of its responsibility to protect its citizens. We condemn terrorism in any country, in any form, in any place. Bangladesh is against any terrorist attack and it will not allow its soil to be used by any terrorist group."

7.Coinciding with the publication of extracts from the CSIS report, the US State Department issued an advisory on Bangladesh in which it said that it had received information about possible threats to its Embassy in Dhaka and warned Americans in Bangladesh to be vigilant, particularly in places frequented by foreigners. It added that it had recently received information regarding several possible threats against the U.S. Embassy in Dhaka and other U.S. interests in Bangladesh and cautioned that American citizens in Bangladesh should remain vigilant, particularly in public places frequented by foreigners, including but not limited to hotels, restaurants, shopping areas, and places of worship. They should also avoid demonstrations and large crowds, the statement said. The advisory did not give any other details. According to the "Bangladesh Observer", a similar advisory was issued by the Australian Government too to its citizens in Bangladesh.

8.The advisory assumed significance in the light of the stand taken by the US Embassy in Dacca in the past that it did not have any corroboration of the reports carried by the "Time" magazine, the "Jane's Intelligence Review" of London and other sections of the media about the shifting of some sections of Al Qaeda from Pakistan to Bangladesh following the US military action in Afghanistan post 9/11 and its operations against Al Qaeda in Pakistan.

9. In fact, the annual report on the Patterns of Global Terrorism during 1992 submitted by the Counter-Terrorism Division of the US State Department to the Congress in May, 2003, did not refer to any pro-bin Laden jihadi terrorist activities in Bangladesh territory on the lines of what has been appearing in the US media. However, it did contain, as in its reports of the previous years, an account of the activities of the Bangladesh branch of the Harkat-ul-Jihad-al- Islami (HUJI), which is a member of bin Laden's International Islamic Front (IIF). The State Department refers to it as HUJI(B), to distinguish it from the HUJI of Pakistan headed by Qari Saifullah Akhtar.

10. Its comments on the activities of HUJI (B) said: "The mission of HUJI-B, led by Shauqat Osman, is to establish Islamic rule in Bangladesh. HUJI-B has connections to the Pakistani militant groups Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami (HUJI) and Harak ul-Mujahidin (HUM), who advocate similar objectives in Pakistan and Kashmir.HUJI-B was accused of stabbing a senior Bangladeshi journalist in November 2000 for making a documentary on the plight of Hindus in Bangladesh. HUJI-B was suspected in the July 2000 assassination attempt of Bangladeshi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. HUJI-B has an estimated cadre strength of more than several thousand members. Operates and trains members in Bangladesh, where it maintains at least six camps. Funding of the HUJI-B comes primarily from madrassas in Bangladesh. The group also has ties to militants in Pakistan that may provide another funding source."

11. Commenting on the publication of extracts from the CSIS report and the rejection of its contents by the Bangladesh Government, the "Bangladesh Observer" said on December 12, 2003: " True to its character, the alliance government has promptly rejected the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) report that Bangladesh may emerge as a 'haven for Islamic terrorists'. Mere rejection of the report is customary, it has to be substantial. Apparently, the CSIS report is based on a number of serious attacks by 'radicals' on the cultural groups in Bangladesh. It also refers to reported hints of some Islamic groups' collusion with Al-Qaida. Right at the moment the Canadian intelligence report has been published, the US and Australian Governments have warned their citizens of possible danger during their movement and stay in Bangladesh. Whether this is a coincidence or something else is not known. But the public announcement through which the US Government keeps its visiting citizens alert fears potential attacks by international terrorists against US interests in Bangladesh."

12. It added: "It is too early to say if there is any truth or not in the CSIS report. But the powerful bomb blasts at the Udichi function in Jessore, at Bangla New Year's function at Ramna Botomool and at the Communist Party meeting at Paltan are an unmistakable indication of the choice of targets. It is a fact that none of these bombing incidents has been conclusively investigated. People do not know who were the masterminds behind all such attacks. Then there were more recent attacks on cinema halls in Mymensingh. Again, investigation has not led either to unearthing the cause of the attack or nabbing the perpetrators. Whether all this is a case of intelligence failure or anything else no one knows.

13."Then there are time-to-time huge and sophisticated arms, ammunition and explosive hauls. A few organized militant Islamic groups' clashes with the police in different places over the attempt to capture Ahmadiya sect's mosques or to smuggle in arms and explosives in some places are allowed to pass rather quietly. If those alarming incidents were seriously followed through, no one possibly could accuse the Government of non-action against terrorists. Sure enough, we have passed the phase when crying hoarse that some quarters are busy tarnishing our non-secular image abroad would be of any use. If the process continues, we will soon be facing a credibility crisis. We must be alive to the sensitive issue of terrorism because its global connotation is far stronger than we can appreciate.

14."The Government however has so far firmly dealt with the fanatics bent on capturing the Ahmadiya mosques at Nakhalpara and at Sarishabari, Jamalpur. However the threat remains as long as the ultimatum for declaring the Ahmadiyas as non-Muslims is there. The Government must not sit on such sensitive issues. It must open a viable channel of negotiations with the aggressive party and convince them of the merit of peaceful co-existence of different communities. Similarly, violent incidents like the bomb blasts have to be thoroughly probed into both for clarity and punishment of the criminals. If the masterminds behind such incidents can be brought to book, we will know whether the threat is a mere perceived one or more than that. Maybe, we will be able to dismiss, rather factually, that there is no possibility of the rise of 'Islamic terrorists' here. We do not like to be painted as a nation dominated by fundamentalists. Let the Government come clean on this issue and stand by its claim", it concluded. www.bangladeshobserveronline.com/new/2003/12/12/editorial.htm)

15. Earlier, in an article under the title "Is religious extremism on the rise in Bangladesh?" published by the "Jane's Intelligence Review" of May 2002, Bertil Lintner, the well-known columnist on South-East Asia, had drawn attention to the worrying developments in Bangladesh. He referred to the activities of organisations such as HUJI, the so-called Jihad movement, the Jamaat-e-Islami (JEI), the Islami Chhatra Shibir (ICS), the JEI's students' wing, the Islami Olkyo Jote (IOJ), which like the JEI, is a member of the present ruling coalition, and two organisations of Rohingya Muslim refugees from the Arakan area of Myanmar called the Arakan Rohingya National Organization (ARNO) and the Rohingya Solidarity Organization and to the proliferation of madrasas in Bangladesh and said:, inter alia:."Extremist influence is growing, especially in the countryside. A foreign diplomat in Dhaka said: "In the 1960s and 1970s, it was the leftists who were seen as incorruptible purists. Today, the role model for many young men in rural areas is the dedicated Islamic cleric with his skull cap, flowing robes and beard." As Indonesia has shown, an economic collapse or political crisis can give rise to militants for whom religious fundamentalism equals national pride, and a way out of misrule, disorder and corrupt worldly politics."

16. His article gave the following details of the HUJI and the Jihad movement: "Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HUJI) - Bangladesh's main militant outfit. Set up in 1992, it now has an estimated strength of 15,000 and is headed by Shawkat Osman aka Maulana or Sheikh Farid in Chittagong. Its members are recruited mainly from students of the country's madrassahs, and until last year they called themselves 'Bangladeshi Taliban'. The group is believed to have extensive contacts with Muslim groups in the Indian states of West Bengal and Assam. Osama bin Laden's February 23, 1998 fatwa urging jihad against the USA was co-signed by two Egyptian clerics, one from Pakistan, and Fazlul Rahman, "leader of the Jihad Movement in Bangladesh". This is not believed to be a separate organization but a common name for several Islamic groups in Bangladesh, of which HUJI is considered the biggest and most important."

17.In an article on Al Qaeda activities in Bangladesh written by its correspondent in New Delhi Alex Perry, the "Time" magazine of October 15, 2002, quoted sources in the HUJI and the Bangladesh military as saying that in July 1992 about 150 armed men belonging to the Taliban and Al Qaeda had been transported to Bangladesh from Afghanistan and Pakistan by a ship called"MV Mecca" and that 50 others had similarly been transported during 2001.

18. The "Transnational Threats Update, Volume 1 • Number 9 dated June 2003 of the Centre for Strategic and International Studies of Washington, DC (http://www.csis.org/tnt4 ) stated as follows: "The current security climate in Bangladesh may allow terrorist groups to organize an attack using a radiological dispersal device. Concerns over this possibility are plausible given that radioactive substances have proven accessible to terror groups operating within the country. A package of "semi-processed explosive-grade" uranium weighing 225 grams was recently seized from smugglers at the Patnitola border of Bangladesh. The material came with a user's manual that illustrated how to build an explosive device tipped with nuclear materials. More importantly, authorities have alleged confessions from two members of the Shahadad-ul-Hikma terrorist group who were arrested on suspicion of transporting the package. This case has increased concerns because there have been multiple nuclear smuggling incidents intercepted by Bangladeshi authorities. Adding to this unease are strong links found between the shipments, implying the smuggling operation is highly organized. Experts have assessed that the most recent consignment matches a previous shipment confiscated in the same northwest border region. They were both from the same location, made in Russia, and marked from Kazakhstan in 1988. The sheer number of militant Islamist training camps operating in the region compounds the problem of accessible nuclear materials. The estimated number of camps varies from at least 15, according to members of the epistemic community, to 156, reported by Indian intelligence. According to India, among the fundamentalist organizations present in Bangladesh are the National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), All Tripura Tiger Force (ATTF), the National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Isak Muivah (NSCN-IM), the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA), the National Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB), the Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam (MULTA), the Achijk National Volunteer Council, the Chakma National Liberation Front (CNLF) and the Dima Halam Daoga."

19. In a subsequent assessment, in which he advocated a more activist US policy in Bangladesh, Joseph J. Schatz of the "Congressional Quarterly," who had traveled to Bangladesh, stated as follows: "While disputed by the new BNP-led Government, there are several alleged links between Osama bin Laden's al Qaeda network and groups operating on Bangladeshi soil. In the aftermath of the 1998 U.S. Embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania, for which the U.S. Government blamed bin Laden, a worldwide sting operation was launched, which saw the Indian Government arrest Bangladeshi nationals for plotting to bomb the U.S. Embassy in Calcutta. A Bangladeshi religious radical, Fazlul Rahman, signed bin Laden's 1998 decree calling for the murder of Americans around the world. Western intelligence officials subsequently linked Rahman to terrorist cells operating out of southern Bangladesh. These groups allegedly have links to al Qaeda and in some cases Afghanistan's former ruling militia, the Taliban. According to analysts and Bangladeshi authorities, the Bangladeshi extremist Islamic group Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami allegedly received financial backing from bin Laden and sent members to train in Afghanistan.This terrorist group styles itself the "Bangladeshi Taliban" and allegedly aims to institute an extremist, Taliban-type government in Bangladesh. The group, which is estimated to include approximately 15,000 militants, operates out of the Chittagong Hills in southern Bangladesh. The Bangladeshi authorities implicated the group in the January 1999 attempted murder of prominent Bangladeshi poet Shamsur Rahman. According to the authorities, the group planned to assassinate up to 28 Bangladeshi intellectuals as part of their campaign against "enemies of Islam." In addition, during President Bill Clinton's March 2000 trip to Bangladesh, his planned visit to the village of Joypurawas was canceled due to terrorist threats from al Qaeda, according to U.S. intelligence sources. The Zia Government denies that extremism and terrorism are problems in Bangladesh, and instead focuses attention on the nation's democratic and secular values. But although the extent of al Qaeda's influence in Bangladesh does not yet appear to be great, its alleged existence is significant because it flies in the face of the nation's tradition of religious moderation and tolerance, and its lack of a strong Islamic fundamentalist following. It should be of direct concern to the U.S. Government, which has a tradition of very good relations with Bangladesh."

TERRORIST INCIDENTS

20. On December 7, 2002, a series of near-simultaneous bomb blasts at four Bangladeshi cinema halls packed with families celebrating the end of the Ramadan Muslim fasting month killed 15 people and wounded nearly 300. The targeted cinema halls were located in and around the normally quiet tourist town of Mymenshingh, about 120 kms to the north of Dhaka.

21. The Bangladesh Home Minister, Altaf Hossain Chowdhury, was quoted by Reuters as saying that the attacks could have been the work of the Al Qaeda network or some other terrorist group, but he subsequently denied saying this. A local police officer was quoted as saying : "We are not sure whether the bombs were planted earlier or exploded by suicide bombers." He added that no foreigners were among the dead. Prime Minister Khaleda Zia and her Ministers blamed those trying to malign Bangladesh from abroad for the explosions.

22. Earlier, in September, 2002, bombs wounded 30 people at a circus show and in a cinema hall in southwestern Satkhira. At least 22 people were killed and more than 100 injured in an explosion at a local office of the then ruling Awami League in June 2001. At least nine people were killed and 50 injured in a bomb blast during an open-air concert in 2000.

23. Three of the incidents since 2000 were directed at places providing entertainment to the people, thereby giving rise to the suspicion that the explosions might have been the handiwork of the HUJI (B). Like its Pakistani parent organization, the HUJI of Bangladesh has a strong Wahabi and Taliban influence and has been carrying on a campaign against music, dancing, films, TV etc as anti-Islam and against the Indian cultural influence in Bangladesh, which it projects as the Hindu cultural influence. Its slogan is: "Amra Sobai Hobo Taliban. Bangla Hobe Afghanistan' We all will become Taliban and Bangla will become Afghanistan). Its involvement, along with that of the Jamaat-e-Islami (JEI), a member of the ruling coalition in Dhaka, was strongly suspected in a series of violent incidents directed at the Hindu and Christian minorities after the present Government came to power in October, 2001.

24. Before 1998, the Harkat-ul-Mujahideen (HUM) and the HUJI of Pakistan constituted a single organization called the Harkat-ul-Ansar (HUA), which was active in Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) in India. It also provided training and arms assistance to the Rohingya Muslims of Arakan in Myanmar, the Abu Sayyaf in the southern Philippines and the Chechens. In the 1990s, the HUA had set up training camps in Bangladesh for training local recruits as well as recruits from India, Arakan, and southern Philippines.

25. After the involvement of the HUA in the kidnapping of some American and other Western tourists in J&K under the name Al Faran in 1995, the US State Department designated it as a Foreign Terrorist Organization under a 1996 law in October,1997. Thereafter, the HUA dissolved itself and started operating in Pakistan again as two organisations with their original names of HUM and HUJI. The HUA in Bangladesh did not dissolve itself. Instead, it simply changed its name as HUJI and started functioning as the branch of the HUJI of Pakistan.

26. Qari Saifullah Akhtar, the present head of the HUJI of Pakistan, was involved in the 1995 attempt by a group of Pakistani Army officers led by Maj. Gen. Zaheer-ul-Islam Abbasi, who was the head of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) station in the Pakistani High Commission in New Delhi in the late 1980s,to stage a coup and proclaim Islamic rule in Pakistan. The plot was discovered in time by the then Benazir Bhutto Government and Abbasi and other officers involved were arrested, court-martialed and sentenced to imprisonment. Abbasi, who used to be close to Gen. Pervez Musharraf, Pakistan's military dictator, was released from imprisonment last year and was active in carrying on a campaign against the USA amongst retired military officers since Operation Enduring Freedom started in Afghanistan on October 7, 2001. It was not known whether he had completed his sentence or whether he was released on parole or given remission of his sentence.

27. Qari Saifullah, who was also detained by the Pakistani authorities during the investigation of the plot, was released after some time and was not prosecuted. No reasons were given for not prosecuting him. He crossed over into Afghanistan after 1998, joined bin Laden's International Islamic Front (IIF) and emerged as an important adviser of Mulla Omer, the Amir of the Taliban, and bin Laden. The HUJI was reported to have contributed the largest number of jihadis for the IIF's fight against the Americans in Afghanistan, followed by the HUM, the Lashkar-e-Toiba (LET) and the Jaish-e-Mohammad (JEM). Many jihadis from South-East Asia fought in Afghanistan under the banner of the HUJI, which suffered the largest number of casualties in the American air strikes.

28.. Since the beginning of 2002, the survivors of the IIF re-entered Pakistan from Afghanistan and those who had joined them from S. E. Asia were shifted to Bangladesh. Even though the Pakistani authorities initially blamed the JEM and subsequently a splinter group of the HUM called the HUM (Al Alami, meaning International) for the kidnapping of Daniel Pearl, the US journalist, in January, 2002, and his subsequent brutal murder, sections of the Pakistani media had been reporting that it was the HUJI, which had organized his kidnapping and murder.

29. HUJI (B) was suspected in the attack on the Indian security personnel guarding the American Centre in Kolkata on January, 22, 2002. The "News", the prestigious daily of Pakistan, had reported that during his interrogation, Omar Sheikh, who has since been convicted for his involvement in the kidnapping of Pearl, had told the Karachi Police that he had also organized the attacks on the Legislative Assembly of J&K in Srinagar on October 1, 2001, on the Indian Parliament House on December 13, 2001, and on the security personnel outside the American Centre in Kolkata. This was, however, denied by the Pakistani authorities, who forced the owner of the paper to sack the Editor, who subsequently fled to the US.

30. On January 15, 2002, Musharraf, under US pressure, banned the LET and the JEM, but not the HUM and the HUJI. Officials of Pakistan's Ministry of the Interior had stated that another order banning them would follow, but this did not happen. Recently, Musharraf has banned the HUM, but not the HUJI.The HUJI of Pakistan too, like its Bangladeshi branch, carries on a campaign against music, dancing, films and TV, but has not resorted to violence to enforce its ban on them.

31.After the arrest and interrogation of a South African citizen of Indian origin Ahmed Sadeq Ahmed,a Pakistani citizen Mohammad Sajed and two Bangladeshis- Maulana Nazrul Islam and Sardar Bokhtiar-- in 1999, the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Bangladesh (BD) Police had described them as members of bin Laden's organization and gave the following details of the HUJI (B) as gathered by them during the interrogation:
* Bin Laden had sanctioned taka 20 million (US $ 0.40 million) for recruiting and training cadres and organising terrorist and subversive activities in Bangladesh. He had handed over the money to Mohammad Sajed, who is the coordinator of the pro-bin Laden militants working in Afghanistan, India and Bangladesh.
* Mohammad Sajed told the investigators that he had handed over the money to Sardar Bokhtiar.
* Bokhtiar confessed to having received this amount and said that he had distributed it to 421 madrasas which were helping the HUJI in recruiting and training its cadres.
* Maulana Nazrul Islam, who was arrested in Sirajganj district, is said to be the Amir of the HUJI in BD.

32.These claims of the CID were strongly refuted by the JEI of BD and its counterpart in South Africa. Despite this, the US Secret Service took them seriously enough to advise President Clinton to cancel a visit to a village outside Dacca during his visit to BD in March,2000.The BD authorities also blamed the HUJI for two alleged attempts to kill Sheikh Hasina in July 2000, when explosive devices were recovered at or near the places to be visited by her during a routine security check.

33.Since the beginning of 2001, there were many violent incidents in which the involvement of the Islamic extremist elements was suspected by the BD Police. The more important of these incidents were:
* On January 20, 2001, six persons were killed and 50 others injured in two separate bomb blasts in Dhaka. Home Minister Mohammad Nasism held the JEI and its affiliates responsible for the attack. Water Resources Minister Abdur Razzak accused Pakistan's ISI of having instigated the incidents.
* On February 6, 2001, seven persons were killed and 100 injured in a clash between Islamic fundamentalists and the security forces at Brahanbaria, bordering the Indian State of Tripura. These incidents were a sequel to the arrests of two top leaders of the IOJ for having threatened two judges who had banned the issue of fatwas by clerics and killed a police constable.
* On April 14, 2001, a bomb exploded at an open-air concert in Dacca, killing at least nine people and wounding nearly 50. The concert was part of celebrations marking the Bengali new year. Sheikh Hasina blamed the blasts on "forces who opposed Bangladesh's independence (from Pakistan) and want to destroy Bengali culture". The JEI had been campaigning against the celebration of the Bengali new year on the ground that it was unIslamic.

34.Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have also been targeted by these groups as 'un-Islamic'. Hundreds of NGOs working to raise living standards and the lot of women in one of the world's poorest nations have been accused of destroying Islamic culture.

ORIGIN OF FUNDAMENTALISM
35. None of the leaders of Bangladesh---neither the late Sheikh Mujibur Rahman nor Sheikh Hasina nor Begum Zia, the present Prime Minister, nor any of the military dictators--- can escape responsibility for the growth of religious fundamentalism and the jihadi virus in their country.

36.Ever since Sheikh Hasina came to power in 1996, independent analysts and women's rights organisations in Bangladesh had been drawing attention to her inability or to the difficulties faced by her in reversing the process of Islamisation of the society and the administrative and security infrastructure under the two military dictatorships which followed the assassination of her father in 1975 and to counter the increasing activities of Islamic fundamentalist organisations such as the Jamaat-e-Islami (JEI) of the pre-1971 vintage, the Islamic Oikya Jote (IOJ- the Islamic United Front)) and the followers of HUJI. They were also drawing attention to the spread of the fundamentalist virus in the BD diaspora, particularly in the UK.

37.Chakma human rights groups had been highlighting the nexus between the JEI and the Bangladesh Army and documenting instances of their joint attacks on and destruction of Buddhist places of worship and Buddha statues in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) in the 1990s.

38.In a paper on the "State of Minorities in Bangladesh: From Secular to Islamic Hegemony", Saleem Samad, an analyst of the BD scene, points out how the trend towards the Islamisation of the civil society and the State apparatus in Bangladesh started even under the late Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the first President of Bangladesh.

39.According to him, Shiekh Mujibur Rahman revived the Islamic Academy (which was banned in 1972) and upgraded it to a Foundation in March 1975 and frequently attended Islamic gatherings. He also banned the sale and consumption of liquor, though production of liquor continued, and betting in horse-race. He sought membership of the Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC) in February 1974, attended the OIC conference at Lahore the same year, established diplomatic ties with Pakistan after granting unconditional pardon of the occupational forces of Pakistan involved in war crimes on innocent people, especially women, and allowed their subsequent safe repatriation, and secured the founder membership of the Islamic Development Bank in 1975.

40.Towards the end of his rule, Mujib made frequent references to Islam in his speeches and public utterances by using terms and idioms which were peculiar mainly to the Islam-oriented Bangladeshi - like Allah (the Almighty God),Insha Allah (God willing), Bismillah (in the name of God), Tawaba (Penitence) and Imam (religious leader). He even dropped his symbolic valedictory __expression Joy Bangla (Glory to Bengal) and ended his speeches with Khuda Hafez (May God protect you), the traditional Indo-Islamic phrase for bidding farewell. In his later day speeches, he also highlighted his efforts to establish cordial relations with the Muslim countries in the Middle East.

41.According to Mr.Saleem Samad, the process of using Islam for leadership legitimisation purposes gathered momentum during the military regimes of General Zia-ur Rahman (1975-1981) and General H.M. Ershad (1982-1990). During the regime of Zia, the Constitution was amended to delete secularism as one of the four state principles and insert "Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim" (in the name of Allah, the beneficent, the merciful). The principle of secularism was replaced by the words, "Absolute trust and faith in the Almighty Allah shall be the basis of all action."

42."Islamiyat" was introduced as compulsory from classes I to VIII in schools with the option for minority students to take similar religious courses of their own.

43. Between 1982 and 1990, Ershad made systematic efforts to continue the policy of Zia, rehabilitating anti-liberation elements and the parallel Islamisation culminating in the Eighth amendment to the Constitution declaring "Islam" as a state religion. Earlier, the short-lived Government of Mustaque Ahmed (August 1975 - November 1975), brought to power at the behest of young military officers, had declared the People's Republic of Bangladesh as the" Islamic Republic of Bangladesh" over the state radio.

44. Samad points out that the subsequent regimes of Khaleda Zia and Shiekh Hasina, which came to power through popular mandate through a free and fair election process under two consecutive neutral governments (in 1991 and 1996), too continued the Islamic policies of the previous governments. They did not try to reverse the Islamisation measures taken by Ershad. The Constitution of Bangladesh, even under the pre-2001 Awami League Government , remained an Islamic one.

44. In mid -1993, the then Khaleda Zia Government, under pressure from Islamic fundamentalist elements, asked the commercial banks to disallow the withdrawal of substantial cash money by Hindu account holders and to stop the disbursement of business loans to Hindus living in the districts adjoining the India-Bangladesh border.

45. None of these Governments took action to restore to the Hindus their properties seized by the Ayub Government in 1965 under the Enemy Property (Custody and Registration) Order under the "Defence of Pakistan Rules Ordinance" which has since been replaced by the Vested Property Act.

46. In a study titled "Resistance to Fundamentalism in Bangladesh and Britain", an organisation called Women Against Fundamentalism (WAF) has pointed out as follows:

47. "In 1971,there was widespread collaboration (with the Pakistani rulers) by government officers at local and national level. Unable to visualise a Bengali victory, they wished to protect their jobs and sided with the rulers who they expected to be the victors.

48."More ideologically based was the enthusiastic collaboration of the Islamic party, the Jamaat-e-Islami, and its student wing who formed the active service units of the Al-Badr to defend Pakistan and wipe out Bengali intellectuals. These 'razakars' (collaborators) are held responsible for perpetrating thousands of rapes and massacres in the name of Islam and for guiding the Pakistani army to the resistance bases.

49. "In the middle of the war, the Pakistani rulers established national and regional 'Peace Committees' whose task, in their own words, was to 'seek out miscreants and Indian agents and to assist the armed forces in destroying them'. A leading member of the national Peace Committee was Professor Golam Azam who repeatedly exhorted the razakars to rid the country of anti-Pakistani dissidents.

50 "After the Liberation, there was an expectation of war crimes trials. A Collaborators' Ordinance was passed, but it was used patchily and apparently more as an excuse to pay off old scores than to put on trial the leading collaborators and murderers although their identity was very well known. The civil servants who had collaborated were very soon rehabilitated to serve the new government and in 1973, in a changing political climate, a General Pardon was declared (for collaborators other than murderers and rapists). The extent of this politically motivated rehabilitation was demonstrated by the appointment of a former regional Peace Committee chairman as the President of Bangladesh.

51. "Most of the leading collaborators went abroad to work against Bangladesh in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the West. A leading figure among them was Golam Azam who along with other former collaborators played a key role in the expansion of Jamaat-e-Islami and its establishment in Britain. In 1978,Golam Azam returned to Bangladesh, ostensibly to visit his sick mother. Despite his having no citizenship and being widely held to have been a major collaborator, he has lived there ever since with the protection of successive governments and his own 'Islamic Guards'.

52. "In 1991, Golam Azam was declared the Amir (leader) of the Jamaat, now an active and increasingly successful political party working to establish Islamic rule in Bangladesh. Their argument in Bangladesh, as in Egypt and Algeria, is that democracy is un-Islamic because laws can only come from Islam. Nationalism is also regarded as un-Islamic and Bangladesh 's whole existence and secession from Pakistan is therefore disapproved of. Jamaat is believed to have political links with Iran and financial support from Saudi Arabia. The student wing of Jamaat has gained control of the campus of the Chittagong University, through a combination of ideology and guns, and has near control over other campuses. Fights and shootings take place very frequently in the universities, many students and teachers have been killed and teaching and examinations disrupted or suspended.

53."The Jamaat's activities have been tolerated and encouraged to a greater or lesser extent by successive ruling regimes and governments in Bangladesh who have relied on their support. Islamisation has come a long way in Bangladesh with Islam now the official religion and agitation led by the Jamaat for an Islamic Republic.

54."The Islamic movement has prospered for a number of reasons. Many people have a nostalgic attachment to Pakistan and a mistrust of India. In the depth of the economic and social problems of Bangladesh, and disillusionment with both the capitalist and communist nations which are seen as having failed to support the country, the promise of a renaissance through internationalist Islam seems attractive not only to the very religious rural poor but also to educated young people who can see no other positive future. The extent of corruption and the general lack of confidence in the government and bureaucracy makes the concept of a 'pure' corruption-free society ruled by Islam an appealing option to many people." End of citation)

55.Alarmed by the return and rehabilitation of Golam Azam, the secular forces in Bangladesh started a number of movements to identify the collaborators of Pakistan and the Al Badr in the 1971 massacres and to have them tried. In a report released in March, 1994, a People's Enquiry Commission, consisting of prominent personalities, identified, in addition to Golam Azam, eight others as the collaborators of the Al Badr in the massacres--Abbas Ali Khan, Maulana Matiur Rehman Nizami, Mohammed Kamruzzaman, Maulana Dilawar Hussain Sayeedi, Maulana Abdul Mannan, Abdul Kader Molla and Abdul Alim.

56. Abbas Ali Khan held the No.2 position in the Jamaat and members of the Razakar force (who were given short courses in military training) were, under his leadership, given powers equal to those of the regular armed forces, and they allegedly carried out widespread killings, rapes and looting in villages.

57.Maulana Matiur Rehman Nizami, who was the pre-1971 Secretary- General of the JEI, used to exhort them to "carry out [their] national duty to eliminate those who are engaged in war against Pakistan and Islam," and to finish off Awami League supporters. After one such meeting, Al-Badr forces, in cooperation with the Razakars, surrounded the village of Brishlika and burnt it to the ground. He took over as the Amir of the JEI in December,2000, and has not suffered any penal consequences. On the contrary, he became an important political ally of Begum Khaleda Zia.

58. Mohammad Kamaruzzaman, as the Assistant Secretary-General of the JEI, was in charge of recruiting members for and organising the Al-Badr in Mymensingh.

59.A member of the Jamaat-e-Islami's Majlis-e -Shoora, Maulana Dilawar Hussain Saidi, took active part in the organisation of the Razakars, Al-Badr and Al-Shams forces. He was also accused of involvement along with Pakistani army troops in the killing of sub-divisional police officer (SDPO) Faizur Rahman, father of Humayun Ahmad, a renowned writer and professor of chemistry at the University of Dacca.

60.Maulana Abdul Mannan, the president of the Jamiat-e-Mudarresin, an organisation of teachers of madrassas and the owner of the daily "Dainik Inquilab," the country's second-highest circulated newspaper, was one of the key collaborators of the Yahya regime during 1971. A Minister under General Ziaur Rahman after 1976 and subsequently in President H M Ershad's cabinet, Mannan was also associated with the killing of intellectuals, including eminent physician Alim Chowdhury.

61.Abdul Kader Molla, the publicity secretary of the JEI, was known as a 'butcher' in the Dacca suburb of Mirpur, mainly populated by non-Bengali Muslim migrants in 1971. An eyewitness to Molla's criminal activities in 1971 told the commission that Razakar men, under the command of Kader Molla, brutally murdered the poet Meherunnessa .

62. According to the commission's report, Abdul Alim himself carried out executions of Bengalis by lining them up and shooting them dead.

63. Despite their involvement in the massacres carried out by the JEI of united Pakistan and its Al Badr, many of these personalities of the JEI are today in the forefront of the fundamentalist, pro-Pakistan and anti-India forces in BD and privileged allies of the BNP. They are also the objective allies of the HUJI and other pro-bin Laden elements in BD.

64. A Special Rapporteur (SR) of the UN Human Rights Commission, Geneva, who visited Bangladesh from May 15 to 24, 2000, reported to the Commission as follows: "The 1972 Constitution (articles 39 and 41) guarantees freedom of religion and conscience and their manifestations, while defining certain limits e.g. in the interest of the security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence. The principle of non-discrimination is also guaranteed. The Constitution accords a special role to Islam, which is defined as the state religion; the Amendment of 1977 defines the Muslim faith as one of the nation's guiding principles. The sharia does not constitute the basis of the country's legislation.

65 "Most of the officials with whom the SR met stated that the Government was in favour of secularism. Non-governmental representatives and independent experts said that state policies generally respected freedom of religion and belief, in the strictest sense of those terms, and also respected their manifestations, within the framework of the limitations provided by the law. However, religious communities - more particularly minorities and ethnic groups, but also Muslims - encounter serious problems. These problems arise in two main contexts: (a) relations between the state and religious communities (e.g. restricted access for non-Muslims to public-sector employment) and between the state and ethnic communities (e.g. the delays in the implementation of the peace accord concerning the CHT); and (b) relations between the state and non-ethnic communities, particularly extremist religious parties.

66."There is a real and effective threat of religious extremism, stemming largely from such religious parties as Jamat-e-Islami, which are very active in their efforts to train Muslims by infiltrating mosques and madrasas and engaging in political action. This extremism is notably responsible for the climate of insecurity among non-Muslim minorities, as well as among the Ahmadi Muslim minority community, among ethnic groups and among women, regardless of their religious confession.
67."There have been looting and destruction of (Buddhist) temples, as well as harassment of Buddhist monks and other Buddhists by Muslim extremist groups; Buddhists have suffered discrimination with respect to public sector jobs.

68."There is discrimination against Christians with respect to access to public sector employment, including access to police and army jobs; there are stereotypes representing Christians as anti-Muslim (because of the Crusades); there is an absence of any real interchange between the Christian and Muslim communities, especially in urban environments. The authorities do not, in practice, recruit Christian teachers, even though there are enough Christian students to justify such recruitment; extremist Muslim groups often oppose the use of bells and loudspeakers for hymns in places of worship; there is a strong current of anti-Christian activism and the police largely remain passive when incidents occur; legal decisions in favour of the Catholic Church, concerning the use of their property, have not been applied because extremist Muslims have opposed their application on a variety of grounds.

69."There is no interference by the authorities in the religious activities of Hindus; there is a feeling of insecurity, however, due partly to the Vested Property Act; Hindu women are often victims of harassment and rape carried out by criminal elements of society. " (end of citation)

70.The electoral support enjoyed by the JEI in BD is more than that of its counterpart in Pakistan, but still not substantial. However, it has built up considerable street power and has important allies in the IOJ and the HUJI. It has carefully retained and nursed the nexus which it had built up with the military and intelligence establishment before 1991, but available evidence does not permit a quantification of the support enjoyed by it in the establishment .

71. During the 1980s, many cadres of the JEI had participated in the fight against the Soviet troops in Afghanistan and, in the process, established a networking relationship with different Afghan Mujahideen groups, with Pakistani jihadi organisations and with the HUJI . They had also played an active role in assisting and training the Rohingya Muslims of the Arakan State of Myanmar. The BD military-intelligence establishment had allowed the HUM of Pakistan to run training camps for Rohingya Muslims in BD territory. Since the HUJI of Pakistan is a member of bin Laden's IIF, its BD branch is also influenced by the ideology and the modus operandi of the IIF.

72. Support for the creation of independent Muslim States in southern Philippines and the Arakan region of Myanmar is an important objective of not only the Pakistani jihadi organisations, which are members of the IIF, but also of Islamic fundamentalist parties of Pakistan, which constitute the six-party Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA), which came to power on its own in Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) after the elections of October, 2002, and is a member of the ruling coalition in Balochistan. In fact, this subject figured in the MMA's election manifesto.The Pakistani jihadi parties, which are members of the IIF, seek the creation of an Islamic caliphate in South Asia consisting of Pakistan, BD, and the "to be liberated Muslim homelands" of India, including Jammu & Kashmir. For achieving these purposes, a strong and increasing presence in BD becomes important for them.

IMPACT ON INDIA'S NATIONAL SECURITY
73.What constitutes BD today has always been an area of great concern to India's national security since the creation of Pakistan in 1947. Between 1956 and 1971, the ISI trained and armed the Naga and Mizo insurgents of India's North-East in camps in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of the then East Pakistan. The headquarters of the so-called Naga Federal Government (NFG) and the Mizo National Front (MNF) of Laldenga were located in the CHT.

74. During the 1971 war, R.N.Kao, the then head of the Research & Analysis Wing (R&AW), India's external intelligence agency, sent a secret commando force to the CHT to destroy the training camps of the NFG and the MNF and capture their leaders. While the force was able to destroy the anti-India training infrastructure in the East Pakistan territory, the leaders and cadres of the NFG and the MNF evaded capture and managed to escape into Myanmar.

75. After Bangladesh was born, the Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Government ensured that the BD territory did not again become the sanctuary for the insurgent/terrorist elements of India's North-East. After the assassination of Mujib in August 1975 and during the military regimes that followed till 1991, the use of the BD territory for training the insurgents of not only Nagaland and Mizoram, but also of Tripura, Manipur, Assam and other regions of the North-East was resumed. The intelligence establishments of BD and Pakistan acted in tandem in assisting the insurgents/terrorists of the North-East.

76. India's security concerns have also been aggravated by the large-scale illegal migration of Muslims from BD into the adjoining Indian territory, which threatens to change the demographic composition of these areas. India is likely to face a cross-border jihadi terrorism situation in the North-East too similar to the situation which it faces on its Western borders with Pakistan if it does not act against the influx of illegal migrants from Bangladesh. While no accurate estimate of the influx is available, many reports put the influx from Bangladesh at over 20 million.

77. At almost every annual conference of the Directors-General of Police from different States, they have projected the failure of different Governments to act against this influx as posing a major threat to our internal security, particularly in West Bengal, Assam and Tripura. Unfortunately, no Government has been able to act against it because the so-called secular parties and organisations and large sections of the so-called liberal media have mis-projected any action against illegal migration from BD as anti-Muslim. The secular parties, particularly the Marxists, also look upon these illegal migrants as useful additions to their vote banks.

78. One of the important lessons learnt by the USA and West Europe post-9/11 is the need for effective immigration control, particularly over the migrants from the Islamic world. This influx is exploited by pan-Islamic jihadi organizations and trans-national crime groups to spread terror and crime. It is the realization that there cannot be effective internal security without effective action against illegal migrants, which has been responsible for the strong action taken by the John Howard Government in Australia and by the Bush administration in the USA. The procedures for the compulsory registration in the USA of migrants from "countries of concern", all of them Muslim, including Pakistan and Bangladesh, have been justified on grounds of national security. Despite the Bush Administration's strong backing for the Pervez Musharraf regime in Islamabad, it has rejected its request for exempting the Pakistanis from this requirement. Its Attorney-General has rightly taken the stand that where national security is concerned no relaxation can be allowed for any reason, political or otherwise. Large sections of the political and public opinion in the USA have backed the stand of the Government. Unfortunately, in India, the need for strong action against illegal migrants from BD continues to be overlooked by different Governments for political reasons, thereby undermining our national security. With the growth of jihadi terrorism in BD, this problem is likely to assume even more serious proportions than hitherto.

79. The previous Government of Sheikh Hasina was at least sincere in wanting to put an end to the use of BD territory by anti-India elements, whether Islamic or ethnic, but she was unable to do anything in this regard due to the interest of the military-intelligence establishment in keeping the anti-India elements alive and active against India. It is often not realised that there are as many terrorist training camps in BD territory as in Pakistan, if not more, and that more Indian fugitives wanted for their involvement in acts of terrorism in Indian territory have been given shelter in BD (85) than in Pakistan(20).

80. The Begum Khaleda Zia Government, which has been in power in Dacca since 2001, looks upon the fundamentalist and jihadi elements as its objective allies. Though the BNP is by no means a fundamentalist party, she wants to use these elements to keep India destabilized externally and to weaken the Awami League and its allies internally. She has shown no desire or inclination to act against either the anti-India elements from our North-East or the jihadi terrorist elements which pose a threat not only to their own country and India, but also to the South-East Asian region and the world as a whole. It has given a free hand to its military-intelligence establishment, which continues to collude with the ISI.

81. Till now, the international community has not paid as much attention as it deserves to the signs of BD emerging as a new hub of pro-bin Laden jihadi terrorism. The situation in BD is similar to the one in Indonesia before the Bali explosion of October,2002. The Khaleda Zia Government, like the Megawati Sukarnoputri Government in Indonesia before October 2002, refuses to acknowledge the growing activities of the jihadi terrorist elements from its territory and has been avoiding any strong action against them while continuing to pay lip-service to BD's support to the so-called war against international terrorism. Like Pakistan, BD too is lacking in sincerity in its implementation of the UN Security Council Resolution No.1373 against terrorism. Unless the international community pressurisez her to start acting against the jihadi and other terrorist elements operating from BD territory, this region and the world are in for another nasty surprise similar to the Bali explosion.

(The writer is Additional Secretary (retd), Cabinet Secretariat, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and, presently, Director, Institute For Topical Studies, Chennai, and Distinguished Fellow and Convenor, Advisory Committee, Observer Research Foundation, Chennai Chapter. E-Mail: corde@vsnl.com

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Jihadist Terrorism in Bangladesh

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