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Sunday, December 5, 2010

[ALOCHONA] Confusion and Controversy over Reinstitution of the 1972 Constitution



Confusion and Controversy over Reinstitution of the 1972 Constitution

The recent judgement on the Fifth Amendment is not as straightforward as it seems, argues ASIF NAZRUL.

The Fifth Amendment case is a judicial annulment of both Fourth and Fifth Amendment of the Constitution of Bangladesh. In a sense, it has more emphatically negated the Fourth Amendment, as wherever the apex court has found any alteration of Fourth Amendment by Fifth Amendment, it has condoned the provisions of the latter amendment for the sake of public interest and state necessity. But no such condonation is made with regard to those provisions of the Fifth Amendment which have substituted or amended the provisions of the 1972 Constitution. The Supreme Court has observed that such provisions are void ab initio and not suitable for condonation as they have attacked the basic structure of the Constitution. It has therefore instructed reinstitution of the provisions of the 1972 Constitution altered by the Fifth Amendment.

Things are, however, not as simple as have been recapitulated above. The Fifth Amendment judgment has given rise to some confusion as well as controversy. These have perhaps made the amended provisions unsuitable for straightforward reinstitution or rendered the guidelines for such reinstitution imprecise and imperfect.

First: the apex court has not invalidated each and every provision of the Fifth Amendment which is inconsistent with the 1972 Constitution. For example, the authority of investigating complaints against the judges of the Supreme Court was granted to the Supreme Judicial Council (a body comprising the Chief Justice and two other most senior judges of the apex court) under the Fifth Amendment, although this authority belonged to the parliament under the 1972 Constitution. In this case, the Supreme Court has retained the Supreme Judicial Council which means going back to the 1972 Constitution would not apply to the concerning provisions enunciated in Article 96 of the Constitution. As this is a fundamental premise of the Fifth Amendment judgment, this is a serious departure from that premise, the reason for which has not been convincingly explained in the judgment.

Second: The Supreme Court, in the Fifth Amendment judgment, has not only "picked and chosen" the provisions to be retained or deleted from the Constitution, it has also placed the constitutional provisions in contradiction with each other on at least two accounts. It has retained Article 6 as modified by the Fifth Amendment according to which our nationality is Bangladeshi while the reinstated Article 9 of the 1972 Constitution has described us as Bangalee nation. Again, the reinstated Article 8 described secularism as one of the fundamental principles of state policy and Article 12 defines secularism, as a policy which, among other things, requires elimination of "granting by the State of political status in favour of any religion." These two Articles, therefore, should not and cannot co-exist with Article 2A, which has unambiguously granted such political status to Islam by declaring it as the state religion. As long as Article 2A remains in the Constitution, it is doubtful whether automatic reinstitution of Article 8 and 12 of the 1972 Constitution is logical or sensible.

Third: The Fifth Amendment judgment is misleading with regard to Article 142 of the Constitution. The High Court has denied condonation of the changes in this article along with preamble and some other articles (Art 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 38 and clause 1A, 1B, 1C of Article 142) of the Constitution and declared that these articles must "remain as it was in the original constitution." However, Article 142, which the High Court has described in the Fifth Amendment judgment as an Article of the original Constitution is not actually so; rather, it is an amended version done by the second amendment in 1973. The difference between these two versions is not at all trivial. Original Article 142, along with Article 26, means the state cannot curtail or circumscribe the provisions of the Constitution concerning fundamental rights of the citizens by amending the Constitution. In contrast, Article 142, as altered by the second amendment, denotes that this could be done by constitutional amendment! The question might be raised as to which version of Article 142 the High Court Division of the Supreme Court has sought to reinstate in the Constitution. The Appellate Division as well has not yet addressed this lacuna, although it has been pointed out earlier in the news media.

The Supreme Court judgment therefore lacks precision and clarity. Its translation into the Constitution requires "legislative" analysis which cannot be done by the Law Ministry being a part of the executive branch of the government. As reported in the daily Prothom Alo on October 11, 2010, the way the Law Ministry has explained the ramifications of the judgment and the manner in which the Law Commission has endorsed it has already been found erroneous. For example, the recent Law Ministry report on interpretation of the Fifth Amendment judgment has suggested the revival of Article 44 and 102(1) in the light of the Fourth Amendment, not according to the 1972 Constitution. As the Prothom Alo report commented, that would mean destroying the very authority of the High Court itself by dint of which it has given the Fifth Amendment judgment! Surely, the High Court could be the last institution which would agree with such erroneous interpretation of its own judgment. Further, the said report has reportedly suggested that the amendment of Article 116 was declared illegal by the High Court Division, but was approved by the Appellate Division. The reality is, the Appellate Division has not approved the amended 116, and rather it has urged the parliament to restore 116 of the original Constitution. Such departure by the Law Ministry, which is now reprinting the Constitution for implementing the Fifth Amendment judgment, from the actual dictates of the very judgment would thus lead to confusion in the minds of the people and chaos in the country. Given the presence of the Parliamentary Committee, the rationale of assigning the Law Ministry with this task is also debatable.

Some of us, however, have different views. While justifying reprint of the Constitution in the light of the Fifth Amendment judgment, they invariably cite the example of the Eighth Amendment case. But we have to take into account that the Eighth Amendment case focused on a very narrow area and decided the fate of an amendment of a single article of the Constitution. It had declared the amendment of Article 100 invalid and ordered restoration of the original version of Article 100 in the Constitution. The rest was a clerical job capable of being performed by a computer operator by deleting the paragraphs inserted in Article 100 by the Eighth Amendment. In comparison, the Fifth Amendment has touched upon dozens of articles and has declared reinstitution of original articles, some of which contradict existing articles and at least one of which does not have any clear meaning. It has also condoned amended articles, one or two of which are inconsistent even with the original Constitution! Even the logic of such condonation is not always coherent in the text of the judgment. The Appellate Division has observed that condonation should be done "in order to avert the resultant evil of illegal legislations;" although in condoning Article 44 substituted "illegally" by the Martial Law Proclamation, it also observed that the substitution was done to "advance rule of law and the welfare of the people!"

Replication and reflection of the Fifth Amendment judgment in the Constitution therefore is not at all as straightforward as the Eighth Amendment judgment. It requires application of a legislative mind, which belongs only to the legislature.

The apex court's judgment was, in a way, aware of the role of legislature upon a number of important issues, including maintaining independence of the judiciary. It has refrained from restoring Article 115 of the original Constitution which required consultation with the Supreme Court in appointing judges of the subordinate judiciary and also Article 116 which empowered the Supreme Court to deal with posting, promotion and grant of leave of those judges. Among these two articles, as Article 116 was amended by both Fourth and Fifth Amendment, the Court had the scope to intervene and restore this article. The court rather stated that "it is our earnest hope that Article 115 and 116 will be restored to their original position by the Parliament as soon as possible."

In an ideal world, the restoration of all other provisions of 1972 as well should have been done by the parliament; the Supreme Court's judgment could have been taken into account as instructions and guidelines for discharging that responsibility and the controversy would been avoided in that way. But the truth is that we do not live in an ideal world and the controversy over the Fifth Amendment judgment will continue for many years.

Asif Nazrul is Professor of Law, University of Dhaka.
 


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[ALOCHONA] Bangladesh Holocaust of '71



Bangladesh Holocaust of '71

SHAHRIAR KABIR gives an account of the genocide perpetrated by the Pakistan army and its auxiliary forces during the liberation war.


RASHID TALUKDAR

It was the most brutal genocide ever known in the history of mankind. History has never seen such a large number of people wiped out in such a short period of the nine months of the Bangladesh liberation war. Between March 25, 1971 and December 16, 1971, Pakistani occupation army and their local collaborators killed 3 million innocent, unarmed people, violated more than a quarter million women; destroyed most of the factories, roads, bridges and culverts, burned houses, engaged in indiscriminate arson and plundering and created such an unbearable situation that 10 million people were forced to leave their country.

The Pakistani military junta headed by General Yahya Khan carried out a genocide in Bangladesh, which has no comparison. Systematic killing, rape and other barbaric methods were used on the Bengalis in the name of 'protecting the integrity of Pakistan' and 'to protect Islam'.

On March 25 midnight, the Pakistani forces suddenly cracked down on the sleeping people of capital Dhaka. Their first target was the residence of teachers, officials and employees and student dormitories of Dhaka University, once known as the Oxford of the East. The police and East Pakistan Rifles (EPR) headquarters followed. Then came the slums, markets and Hindu-populated areas in Dhaka, most of which were torched. They killed university teachers, employees and students either in their rooms or by firing squad in the campus gardens. Some were taken away and remained missing. They sprayed bullets as people fled from burning homes. These people died without knowing their crime. It is estimated that around 60,000 people of the city were killed on that single night.

The Pakistani occupation forces followed similar methods across the country and the genocide continued during the next nine months or until the country was freed from their clutches. Apart from mass killings, systematic killing of identified personalities or professionals was carried out under a blueprint. This process started with the slaying of Dhaka University teachers and reached its peak ahead of the Victory Day on December 16, 1971, as they realised their defeat was imminent.

In conducting the killings, there was a priority list. They had identified five sections of the populace as their main enemies: 1) leaders, activists and supporters of Awami League, 2) communists and socialists, 3) freedom fighters and their associates, 4) the Hindu community irrespective of sex or age and 5) students, intellectuals and professionals.

There was no specific type of killing. The Pakistanis at first shelled by tanks and mortars to kill a large number of people of a locality. Then they killed innocent ones lining them up after taking them away from their houses. Some were put to death by bayonets or burnt alive by the barbaric Pakistani army. They also slaughtered people like animals. In some cases, people were tortured for months until death emancipated them. The last method was followed especially for the freedom fighters. There are many people who witnessed that freedom fighters being dragged on the streets pulled by army jeeps, which would only stop to confirm whether or not their prey was dead.

The major methods used by the Pakistanis to torture the Bengalis were: 1) verbal abuse coupled with beating until blood oozed out, 2) poking with bayonet or beating with rifle butts after hanging the victim by the leg from the ceiling, 3) the victim was stripped and kept standing for hours in public 4) burning the whole body with cigarette, 5) pushing needles through nails and the head, 6) spraying injuries with salt and chilli, 7) pushing electric rod through the anus, 8) giving urine for drinking when the victims screamed for water, 9) pushing ice through the anus or injuring the entry point of the anus with cigarette burns, 10) the victim, with his hands and legs tied, was put into a gunny bag and kept under the scorching sun, 11) keeping the injured's naked body on ice slabs, 12) denying sleep for days, high powered lights focussed on the eye, 13) giving electric shock to the sensitive parts of the body, 14) uprooting nails with the help of tweezers and 15) the head was repeatedly forced into hot water with the body hanging from the ceiling. Besides, extremely brutal sexual torture towards moth men and women was also very common.

Many accounts of brutality of Pakistani occupation army and their local collaborators were published in the international media that horrified conscious and aware people across the world. A report published in Newsweek on June 28, 1971, titled "The terrible blood bath of Tikka Khan", quoted Tony Clifton, a correspondent of Newsweek, who visited some refugee camps in Agartala of India. Clifton wrote:

"Anyone who goes to the camps and hospitals along India's border with Pakistan comes away believing the Punjabi army capable of any atrocity. I have seen babies who have been shot, men who have had their backs whipped raw. I've seen people literally struck dumb by the horror of seeing their children murdered in front of them or their daughters dragged off into sexual slavery. I have no doubt at all that there have been a hundred 'Mylais' and 'Lidices' in East Pakistan -- and I think, there will be more.

My personal reaction is one of wonder more than anything else. I've seen too many bodies to be horrified by anything much any more. But I find myself standing still again and again, wondering how any man can work himself into such a murderous frenzy."

Quoting other eye-witnesses of the Bangladesh holocaust, Newsweek wrote, New Jersey Congressman Cornelius Gallagher, who visited the Agartala hospital, says he came to India thinking the atrocity stories were exaggerated. But when he actually saw the wounded he began to believe that, if anything, the reports had been toned down. A much-decorated officer with Patton in Europe during World War II, Gallagher told me: "In the war, I saw the worst areas of France, the killing grounds in Normandy, but I never saw anything like that. It took all of my strength to keep from breaking down and crying."

Other foreigners, too, were dubious about the atrocities at first, but the endless repetition of stories from different sources convinced them. "I am certain that troops have thrown babies into the air and caught them on their bayonets," says John Hastings, a Methodist missionary who has lived in Bengal for 20 years. "I am certain that troops have raped girls repeatedly, then killed them by pushing their bayonets up between their legs."


AFP

All this savagery suggests that the Pakistani army is either crazed by blood-lust or, more likely, is carrying out a calculated policy of terror amounting to genocide against the whole Bengali population.

The Pakistani army junta would not have been able to unleash such atrocities without the active help and cooperation from the political parties named Jamaat-e-Islami Muslim League and Nizam-e-Islami Party. It was the Jamaat-e-Islami, the religio-political party led by Ghulam Azam, who from the very beginning extended all kinds of moral and physical support to the Pakistan army in their genocidal act by holding meetings and processions, writing articles in newspapers and forming killing squads like Razakar, Al-Badr, Al-Shams, etc.

The whole world burst into condemnation on March 25, 1971 when the infamous General Tikka Khan initiated a trail of genocide on the innocent people of the then East Pakistan. When everyone was awed and thunderstruck at the inhuman attack inflicted upon the Bengalis, Ghulam Azam met Tikka Khan on April 4, 1971 to assure the latter of his full support and cooperation (The Purbodesh, April 5, 1971). Ghulam Azam had another intimate meeting with Tikka Khan the next day, following which Ghulam Azam labeled our liberation war a blatant act of "Indian interference and infiltration" and declared, "patriotic people of our province will help the armed forces to counter and destroy the evil designs of India". (The Dainik Pakistan, April 7, 1971).

As a first step to help the Pakistan Army, Ghulam Azam formed a "Peace Committee" on April 10, 1971. The main objective of forming this Peace Committee was to resist the liberation war and to destroy all freedom fighters. The first meeting of the Peace Committee expressed their gratitude to the Pakistan Army for their maiden successful military operation of genocide and bitterly condemned the freedom fighters and the freedom-loving .people of our country as anti-Islamic. As a matter of fact, to a man like Ghulam Azam, Pakistan, Jamaat-e-Islami and Islam are synonymous. That is why, opposing Pakistan, to them, was opposing Islam; mere criticism of Jamaat-e-Islami tantamounts to opposing Islam itself. On April 12, 1971, Ghulam Azam led a Peace Committee procession against the liberation movement in Dhaka and at the end he prayed to Allah for granting success to Pakistan Army's crackdown on the civilian population of the then East Pakistan (The Dainik Sangram, April 13, 1971).

Alongside the Peace Committee, Ghulam Azam took a leading role in forming an armed force to help the Pakistan Army. At his instruction, one of his followers, A.K.M. Yusuf formed the Razakar Force in May 1971 with 96 Jamaat workers at an Ansar Camp at Khan Jahan Ali Road, Khulna. In the beginning, the Razakar Bahini was under the leadership of the Peace Committee. But on June 1, 1971, General Tikka Khan by proclamation of the East Pakistan Razakar Ordinance 1971 abolished the "Ansar Bahini" and turned it into "Razakar Bahini"-- but its leadership remained in the hands of Jamaat-e-Islami. On September 7, 1971, Pakistan Defence Ministry through an official order (No:4/8/52/543 P. S.= 1 /Ko/ 3659 D-Ko) elevated members of the Razakar Bahini to the status of auxiliary force of the Pakistan Armed Forces.

What the Razakars did after a short training was go to the rural areas, loot recklessly, kill innocent villagers and torture women. Used as guides in the largely unfamiliar, previously unknown areas and as advanced elements of the attacking army, they were very frequently praised by the Pakistani Generals. In a workers' meeting at Hotel Empire in Dhaka on September 25, 1971, Ghulam Azam said, "The purpose for which the Jamaat-e-Islami joined the Peace Committee and the Razakar Bahini was to keep Pakistan intact, in other words, to save Pakistan ... By embracing martyrdom, Jamaat workers have expounded the spirit that they would rather die than see Pakistan broken into pieces, disintegrated" (The Dainik Pakistan, September 26, 1971).

The Jamaat leader and founder of the Razakar Bahini A.K.M. Yusuf in a Razakar meeting held on October 11, 1971 in Khulna praised the Razakars for "resisting disgruntling activities of the miscreants and the infiltrators" (The Dainik Pakistan, October 13, 1971). General Niazi, Martial Law Administrator of the Eastern Wing after taking salutes at the passing out ceremony of the Razakar Training Camp at Savar, Dhaka observed, "Razakars' duty obligates them to identify and annihilate all Indian elements on the one hand and bring the misguided youth to the right path on the other" (The Dainik Pakistan, November 28, 1971).

Another heinous act perpetrated by the Jamaat and their associates during the liberation war of 1971 was the formation of killing squads named Al-Badr and Al-Shams Bahini. Exact replications of Hitler's Gestapo, they formulated a blueprint to kill the intellectuals by the butcher members of young Jamaat workers. Trained and inspired by their leaders, Matiur Rahman Nizami and Quamruzzaman and members of Islami Chhatra Sangha, the student front of the Jamaat-e-Islami, time and again met Pakistani General Rao Forman Ali and hatched one of the most despicable conspiracies in human history, that is, "a blue-print entailing the elimination of the intellectuals". Other chores included hunting out the freedom-lovers and executing them when found, proselytizing Hindus into Muslims by coercion, propagating Pakistani and Jamaati thinking through seminars and pamphlets and leaflets and confronting the freedom fighters, whenever possible. This murderer gang conducted an abominable rampage of killing on the great "pride" sons of the then East Pakistan just prior to their formal defeat and surrender to the liberation forces. This Al-Badr Bahini was responsible for the killing of many prominent writers, journalists, professors, physicians, engineers, scientists and hundreds of other intellectuals. On September 14, 1971, the Sangram, party paper of the Jamaat-e-Islami, wrote under the caption "Al-Badr, Al-Badr is a name! A surprise saviour! Al-Badr is a pledge! Wherever you have freedom fighters, you will also have Al-Badr. Wherever you have miscreants, you have Al-Badr there, too. To the Indian agents, spies and to the miscreants Al-Badr is nothing but Azrail (the angel of death)."

On November 7, 1971, there was a meeting of the Islami Chhatra Sangha at Baitul Mukarrom premises commemorating the historical "Badr Day" at which Ali Ahsan Muhammad Mujahid put forward a four-point programme. The declaration said, "We will not rest until the day India is made to cease to exist in the world of nations, ... from tomorrow, any book(s) written by Hindu author(s) will have no place in libraries, nor will there be any place for any publication that pampers the Hindus ... Their sale and advertisement will be completely prohibited ... anyone found to violate this prohibition will be burnt to ashes by the volunteers, volunteers charged with the flame of belief in the existence of Pakistan ... ln order to materialise this goal, you need to hold the Quran onto your chest, hold your heads high and straight and move forward with all the determination of a 'Mujahid'-- the warrior, glorified and idealised in Islam for extreme sacrifice for the cause of Islam. If need be, we will march upto New Delhi and hoist our national flag there signifying the achievement of greater Pakistan."

Mir Kashem Ali, the then General Secretary of Islami Chhatra Sangha, announced the pledge of "Badr Day": (A) We will resist Indian attack, (B) We will eliminate all miscreants, (C) We will establish an Islamic society (The Dainik Pakistan, November 8, 1971 ).

Matiur Rahman Nizami, the Commander-in-Chief of the Badr Bahini, wrote in the Sangram on November 14, 1971, "Days are not far off when our Al-Badr youths fighting alongside the Pakistani Army will trample and humiliate the Indian Forces, demolish India and will have the Islamic flag hoisted all over the world." The two other leaders of Al-Badr Bahini, Ali Ahsan Muhammad Mujahid and Mir Kashem Ali, in a statement, published on November 23, 1971 urged all members to "get ready as a soldier". Around this time, one of their pamphlets said, "Remember, you are fighting not only to save Pakistan; this war is also geared towards saving Islam. Please follow instructions given by our Amir (Ghulam Azam) to save our motherland from the evil hands of 'Namrud'."

The people, who were branded as miscreants and Indian agents, "Namruds" and bastards by the leadership of the Jamaat, were, in reality, the "pride sons" of this country, the heroes among heroes, the freedom fighters. It is through their life-risking struggle, indomitable, enviable sacrifice and human blood that the independence of Bangladesh was achieved.

Those who perpetrated one of the most brutal atrocities since the dawn of history went unpunished. Just after the war the government led by Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman started the trial of local collaborators under the law popularly known as "Collaborators Act". After the assassination of Bangabondhu and his close associates, General Ziaur Rahman assumed power and stopped the trial process that had started since 1972. Gen. Zia also accommodated a huge number of war criminals and collaborators of Pakistani occupation army in his party named Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP). Since then, the family members of the victims of war along with the members of the civil society have been crying for justice.

Finally, after 39 years of the holocaust of '71, International Crimes Tribunal was formed in Dhaka, at old High Court building on March 25, 2010 under International Crimes (Tribunals) Act enacted in 1973, for the trial of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity perpetrated in Bangladesh during the nine-month-long liberation war of 1971.

If we want to stop genocide or any kind of war and crimes against humanity, the perpetrators must be brought to book in order to ensure justice and peace as well as to protect human civilisation.

Shahriar Kabir is a writer, journalist, filmmaker, researcher on the liberation war and genocide of 1971 and a human rights activist.
 


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RE: [ALOCHONA] Sheikh Hasina (PM) Talked stupid about Dr. Younus?



Hasina's first and foremost foe is her mouth. She had always been like that and she will keep doing all Bangladeshi's 'opdosto O lojjito' by her big mouth. We brought this 'nonsense' lady in the leadership by our vote. Now it is too late to regret.
Shahadat Suhrawardy.
 


To: alochona@yahoogroups.com
From: anwar107@yahoo.com
Date: Sun, 5 Dec 2010 13:46:00 -0800
Subject: [ALOCHONA] Sheikh Hasina (PM) Talked stupid about Dr. Younus?

 
CORRECTIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Alochok:
I think P.M Sheikh Hasina made stupid comments about Nobel laureates Dr. Younus before investigation of money trasfering to Grameen Kollan Org according to Norway. She is a Prime Minister in Bangladesh and she should watch her title/position when she makes any comments. She is my Prime minister and as well as yours.
I do not understand why she makes insulting comments against Dr. Younus ? Is there anyone explain me? I think Dr. Younus is a proud man for Bangladesh. Our P.M and Khaleda Zia are nothing for Bangladesh but Dr. Younus is something for Bangaldesh even he screws some people according to my Prime minister.
(Please read 'daily nayadiganto' first page on 12/06/10)
(Note: My comments are not against  A.L and B.N.P)
Please post my email to alochok.
 
Thank you
Anwar
U.S.A



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[ALOCHONA] The US Embassy Cables. Julian Assange answers your questions



The US Embassy Cables. Julian Assange answers your questions

Global Research, December 4, 2010
Guardian - 2010-12-03
 

The founder of WikiLeaks, Julian Assange, answers readers' questions about the release of more than 250,000 US diplomatic cables


Fwoggie

I'll start the ball rolling with a question. You're an Australian passport holder - would you want return to your own country or is this now out of the question due to potentially being arrested on arrival for releasing cables relating to Australian diplomats and polices?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
I am an Australian citizen and I miss my country a great deal. However, during the last weeks the Australian prime minister, Julia Gillard, and the attorney general, Robert McClelland, have made it clear that not only is my return is impossible but that they are actively working to assist the United States government in its attacks on myself and our people. This brings into question what does it mean to be an Australian citizen - does that mean anything at all? Or are we all to be treated like David Hicks at the first possible opportunity merely so that Australian politicians and diplomats can be invited to the best US embassy cocktail parties.

girish89
How do you think you have changed world affairs?

And if you call all the attention you've been given-credit ... shouldn't the mole or source receive a word of praise from you?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
For the past four years one of our goals has been to lionise the source who take the real risks in nearly every journalistic disclosure and without whose efforts, journalists would be nothing. If indeed it is the case, as alleged by the Pentagon, that the young soldier - Bradley Manning - is behind some of our recent disclosures, then he is without doubt an unparalleled hero.

Daithi
Have you released, or will you release, cables (either in the last few days or with the Afghan and Iraq war logs) with the names of Afghan informants or anything else like so?

Are you willing to censor (sorry for using the term) any names that you feel might land people in danger from reprisals??

By the way, I think history will absolve you. Well done!!!

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
WikiLeaks has a four-year publishing history. During that time there has been no credible allegation, even by organisations like the Pentagon that even a single person has come to harm as a result of our activities. This is despite much-attempted manipulation and spin trying to lead people to a counter-factual conclusion. We do not expect any change in this regard.

distrot

The State Dept is mulling over the issue of whether you are a journalist or not. Are you a journalist? As far as delivering information that someone [anyone] does not want seen is concerned, does it matter if you are a 'journalist' or not?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
I coauthored my first nonfiction book by the time I was 25. I have been involved in nonfiction documentaries, newspapers, TV and internet since that time. However, it is not necessary to debate whether I am a journalist, or how our people mysteriously are alleged to cease to be journalists when they start writing for our organisaiton. Although I still write, research and investigate my role is primarily that of a publisher and editor-in-chief who organises and directs other journalists.

achanth

Mr Assange, have there ever been documents forwarded to you which deal with the topic of UFOs or extraterrestrials?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
Many weirdos email us about UFOs or how they discovered that they were the anti-christ whilst talking with their ex-wife at a garden party over a pot-plant. However, as yet they have not satisfied two of our publishing rules.
1) that the documents not be self-authored;
2) that they be original.
However, it is worth noting that in yet-to-be-published parts of the cablegate archive there are indeed references to UFOs.

gnosticheresy

What happened to all the other documents that were on Wikileaks prior to these series of "megaleaks"? Will you put them back online at some stage ("technical difficulties" permitting)?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
Many of these are still available at mirror.wikileaks.info and the rest will be returning as soon as we can find a moment to do address the engineering complexities. Since April of this year our timetable has not been our own, rather it has been one that has centred on the moves of abusive elements of the United States government against us. But rest assured I am deeply unhappy that the three-and-a-half years of my work and others is not easily available or searchable by the general public.

CrisShutlar

Have you expected this level of impact all over the world? Do you fear for your security?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
I always believed that WikiLeaks as a concept would perform a global role and to some degree it was clear that is was doing that as far back as 2007 when it changed the result of the Kenyan general election. I thought it would take two years instead of four to be recognised by others as having this important role, so we are still a little behind schedule and have much more work to do. The threats against our lives are a matter of public record, however, we are taking the appropriate precautions to the degree that we are able when dealing with a super power.

JAnthony

Julian. I am a former British diplomat. In the course of my former duties I helped to coordinate multilateral action against a brutal regime in the Balkans, impose sanctions on a renegade state threatening ethnic cleansing, and negotiate a debt relief programme for an impoverished nation. None of this would have been possible without the security and secrecy of diplomatic correspondence, and the protection of that correspondence from publication under the laws of the UK and many other liberal and democratic states. An embassy which cannot securely offer advice or pass messages back to London is an embassy which cannot operate. Diplomacy cannot operate without discretion and the
protection of sources. This applies to the UK and the UN as much as the US.

In publishing this massive volume of correspondence, Wikileaks is not highlighting specific cases of wrongdoing but undermining the entire process of diplomacy. If you can publish US cables then you can publish UK telegrams and UN emails.

My question to you is: why should we not hold you personally responsible when next an international crisis goes unresolved because diplomats cannot function.

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
If you trim the vast editorial letter to the singular question actually asked, I would be happy to give it my attention.

cargun
Mr Assange,

Can you explain the censorship of identities as XXXXX's in the revealed cables? Some critical identities are left as is, whereas some are XXXXX'd. Some cables are partially revealed.

Who can make such critical decisons, but the US gov't? As far as we know your request for such help was rejected by the State department. Also is there an order in the release of cable or are they randomly selected?

Thank you.

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
The cables we have release correspond to stories released by our main stream media partners and ourselves. They have been redacted by the journalists working on the stories, as these people must know the material well in order to write about it. The redactions are then reviewed by at least one other journalist or editor, and we review samples supplied by the other organisations to make sure the process is working.

rszopa

Annoying as it may be, the DDoS seems to be good publicity (if anything, it adds to your credibility). So is getting kicked out of AWS. Do you agree with this statement? Were you planning for it?

Thank you for doing what you are doing.

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
Since 2007 we have been deliberately placing some of our servers in jurisdictions that we suspected suffered a free speech deficit inorder to separate rhetoric from reality. Amazon was one of these cases.

abbeherrera

You started something that nobody can stop. The Beginning of a New World. Remember, that community is behind you and support you (from Slovakia).
Do you have leaks on ACTA?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
Yes, we have leaks on the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement, a trojan horse trade agreement designed from the very beginning to satisfy big players in the US copyright and patent industries. In fact, it was WikiLeaks that first drew ACTA to the public's attention - with a leak.

people1st

Tom Flanagan, a [former] senior adviser to Canadian Prime Minister recently stated "I think Assange should be assassinated ... I think Obama should put out a contract ... I wouldn't feel unhappy if Assange does disappear."

How do you feel about this?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
It is correct that Mr. Flanagan and the others seriously making these statements should be charged with incitement to commit murder.

Isopod

Julian, why do you think it was necessary to "give Wikileaks a face"? Don't you think it would be better if the organization was anonymous?

This whole debate has become very personal and reduced on you - "Julian Assange leaked documents", "Julian Assange is a terrorist", "Julian Assange alledgedly raped a woman", "Julian Assange should be assassinated", "Live Q&A qith Julian Assange" etc. Nobody talks about Wikileaks as an organization anymore. Many people don't even realize that there are other people behind Wikileaks, too.

And this, in my opinion, makes Wikileaks vulnerable because this enables your opponents to argue ad hominem. If they convince the public that you're an evil, woman-raping terrorist, then Wikileaks' credibility will be gone. Also, with due respect for all that you've done, I think it's unfair to all the other brave, hard working people behind Wikileaks, that you get so much credit.

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
This is an interesting question. I originally tried hard for the organisation to have no face, because I wanted egos to play no part in our activities. This followed the tradition of the French anonymous pure mathematians, who wrote under the collective allonym, "The Bourbaki". However this quickly led to tremendous distracting curiosity about who and random individuals claiming to represent us. In the end, someone must be responsible to the public and only a leadership that is willing to be publicly courageous can genuinely suggest that sources take risks for the greater good. In that process, I have become the lightening rod. I get undue attacks on every aspect of my life, but then I also get undue credit as some kind of balancing force.

tburgi

Western governments lay claim to moral authority in part from having legal guarantees for a free press.

Threats of legal sanction against Wikileaks and yourself seem to weaken this claim.
(What press needs to be protected except that which is unpopular to the State? If being state-sanctioned is the test for being a media organization, and therefore able to claim rights to press freedom, the situation appears to be the same in authoritarian regimes and the west.)

Do you agree that western governments risk losing moral authority by
attacking Wikileaks?

Do you believe western goverments have any moral authority to begin with?

Thanks,

Tim Burgi
Vancouver, Canada

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
The west has fiscalised its basic power relationships through a web of contracts, loans, shareholdings, bank holdings and so on. In such an environment it is easy for speech to be "free" because a change in political will rarely leads to any change in these basic instruments. Western speech, as something that rarely has any effect on power, is, like badgers and birds, free. In states like China, there is pervasive censorship, because speech still has power and power is scared of it. We should always look at censorship as an economic signal that reveals the potential power of speech in that jurisdiction. The attacks against us by the US point to a great hope, speech powerful enough to break the fiscal blockade.

rajiv1857
Hi,
Is the game that you are caught up in winnable? Technically, can you keep playing hide and seek with the powers that be when services and service providers are directly or indirectly under government control or vulnerable to pressure - like Amazon?

Also, if you get "taken out" - and that could be technical, not necessarily physical - what are the alternatives for your cache of material?

Is there a 'second line' of activists in place that would continue the campaign?

Is your material 'dispersed' so that taking out one cache would not necessarily mean the end of the game?

Julian Assange small

Julian Assange:
The Cable Gate archive has been spread, along with significant material from the US and other countries to over 100,000 people in encrypted form. If something happens to us, the key parts will be released automatically. Further, the Cable Gate archives is in the hands of multiple news organisations. History will win. The world will be elevated to a better place. Will we survive? That depends on you.

http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=22256



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[ALOCHONA] After Ayodhya: The New Improved Indian Muslim?



After Ayodhya: The New Improved Indian Muslim?

By Farzana Versey

18 years after the Bombay riots, if I still remember the face of the Hindu woman who wanted me to walk with her in the streets that were fast getting deserted on that December 6, then it certainly means the scars have not faded. On any other occasion we could have swapped clothes and stories, but on that day she was a Hindu and I a Muslim. I did not tell her; it was my secret, my cranny identity. She told me, with fear of Them in her quivering voice. I wanted to laugh through my unwept tears. The burden of proving wounds was on the prey.

18 years later it is the same. The strategy has changed, though. In the forward-looking India, secularism has become a slave of religious lobbies. To bait Muslims and demand progressive thinking is part of an agenda. Political postmodernism subverts the contemporary for its edifice is antiquity. The Renaissance of Hindutva is based to a large extent on this. One of the most backward organisations in this country – the RSS – is ruling India, either directly in states where its emissaries make sure its satellite political parties toe the line or by forcing counteracting policies even from the supposedly non-communal parties.

During the riots of 1992-93, there was a particular line of thinking that urged Muslims to 'go to Pakistan'. In the wake of the recent Wikileaks, one interesting revelation is that President Asif Ali Zardari is trying to get away from the blame of the 26/11 terrorist attacks in Mumbai by quoting from the Sachar Report on economic and social backwardness, saying that it "indicated that Indian Muslims are treated poorly and are among the least prosperous members of society". However, when he adds that "there were plenty of extremist groups in India that could have assisted LeT", it gives the impression that poverty is the only cause of terrorism. It also conveys that Pakistan is concerned about the Indian Muslim, which it is not, and the Indian Muslim looks to Pakistan as some sort of saviour, which we do not.

This sort of rash argument plays into the hands of the saffron parties. Let us not forget that post-Partition the fall of the Babri Masjid was the beginning of the visible division of India. It was a blatant display of power. Every commission of inquiry has not been able to pin down the culprits. The age of enlightenment has meant a patronising acceptance of the largest minority with the proviso that they should help to build a temple at the site. Our liberals do not find this unusual, given that such an expectation should bring down their flimsy curtain of evolution. It is regressive if we have to clutter our mores with excavated history. It acts as a barricade to any movement forward and creates fences.

And in this scenario Muslims are urged to reform. Reform into what - chattels of the Hindutva movement or its own liberals with their elastic halos? The liberal schema is seriously flawed for it looks towards the majoritarian credo for its acceptance. It lacks the courage to protest. It comes out in droves to rally for the causes where the Islamists are the culprits. But when Uma Bharti, who was on the dais when the mosque's demolition took place, declared that the senior BJP leaders did not know who did it, there were no rallies by them demanding an explanation.

Why is this so? Here the Muslim sympathiser comes in. Now, Muslims cannot be Muslim sympathisers, so the causes have been taken over by the others. Our modern Muslims are the token angels in the deviously-manufactured paradise where a handful dictates terms to the rest. It is part of the 'objectivity' plan, which denotes that the minority community has to prove itself at every turn. Those who call for a strong sensible Muslim leadership are the ones who will scuttle such a move for they have appropriated the right to be spokespersons of the Indian Muslim.

Religious open-mindedness is measured in economic and cultural terms. Ironically, the Muslims who are aired as examples of the 'good' ones are not in a position to speak on behalf of the 160 million who live lives of abject poverty and fear. The class that has to be protected is the one that is most threatened. Azim Premji may be the biggest philanthropist today but will it have any impact on society's attitude towards Indian Muslims? The common person will not bask in such reflected glory, but they certainly do not want an IT revolutionary thrust as an example of how they can move ahead. No one uses the example of Narayan Murthy or the Ambanis to ask the poor Hindus and Dalits to become progressive.

The other fallout is the appearance of the cultural Muslim. They are so afraid that even when they observe the Ramzan fasts they call it a cultural act. It would be better for them to perform kathak to prove their cultural allegiance to the faith associated with the Mughal colonisers. There has to be a clear understanding as to how a religion is viewed in political terms, for there may be fringe adherents and even non-believers but an accident of birth puts them in a position to be part of the community. Their participation is crucial for they too have to bear the consequences of being tagged.

After Ayodhya, all labels come with strings attached.

Farzana Versey is a Mumbai-based author-columnist. She can be reached at http://farzana-versey.blogspot.com/



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[ALOCHONA] 29 air conditioners, 48 pieces of sofa, six television sets and five refrigerators etc

Khaleda moves all belongings

29 air conditioners among household stuff; Hasina says army to decide
about how to utilise its land

Representatives of BNP Chairperson Khaleda Zia have received all her
belongings including 29 air conditioners, 48 pieces of sofa, six
television sets and five refrigerators from the Dhaka Cantonment house
that she lost in a legal battle.

A sculpture of late president Ziaur Rahman on the premises was also
moved to the opposition leader's Gulshan office.

A top cantonment board official while talking to The Daily Star
yesterday evening confirmed that all the personal effects of Khaleda
Zia had been collected by her representatives.

The shifting ended with the moving of several hundred vases.

Meanwhile, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina yesterday said it [the
cantonment house] is an army property and they will decide on the use
of the land.

Earlier on Friday, a lawyer of Khaleda told The Daily Star cantonment
board chief Nazmus Sadat Selim gave them a 72-hour timeframe, which
ended yesterday, to collect all her household items from the
cantonment house.

Khaleda's sister-in-laws -- Nasrin Sayeed and Kaniz Fatema and
personal secretary Saleh Ahmed -- received all her stuff from the
house in last three days.

About 14 big covered vans, a few pickups and cars were used to carry
Khaleda's belongings from the cantonment house to Baridhara residences
of DCC councillor Abdul Qaiyum and Sayeed Eskander, Shamim Eskander's
Gulshan house and Dhanmondi house of Tarique Rahman's father-in-law in
the city.

Another official of the cantonment board said Khaleda Zia also claimed
the house's door furniture. She can take it away only if it is proved
to be her property.

PM ON THE PROPERTY
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has said the army will decide how they
will utilise the land.

She mentioned the army property was given to her [Khaleda Zia] to stay
in a special circumstance under certain condition.

"She went to the court. But we did not go… We all have to obey the
court decision."

Hasina was addressing a press conference.

"The premier said belongings are being shifted for the past three days
… How many goods come from torn string-vest and broken suitcase?"
added the premier.

Truck after truck and van after van were carrying goods that are being
stored in many places, she said adding there were many foreign luxury
items among those.

"I was even been told that she [Khaleda] wanted to carry bathroom
fittings and commode and I just told officials that she can take
anything and everything whatever she wants," Hasina added.

Khaleda lost the legal battle for the house at the Supreme Court on
November 29. She had been residing in the house since 1972.

http://www.thedailystar.net/story.php?nid=164976


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[ALOCHONA] Cox’s Bazar sea beach, world’s longest, under great threat from erosion

Cox's Bazar sea beach, world's longest, under great threat from erosion

Cox's Bazar sea beach, the world's longest, is now under great threat
from erosion due to unplanned development of resort area by cutting
hills as well as establishment of shrimp hatcheries along the
seashore, according to an expert.(UNB)

The expert said that deforestation, over-fishing, salt fields, hill
cutting for unplanned construction, ship breaking industries and
tourism have accelerated the ecosystem damages in the coastal area.

Dr Mohammed Ataur Rahman, Director, Centre for Global Environmental
Culture (CGEC), International University of Business Agriculture and
Technology (IUBAT), said the seas and oceans are the ultimate resort
of water, and waterborne organic and inorganic substances. In a recent
write-up titled 'Seas and Oceans: Save Cox's Bazar, the World's
Longest Sea Beach', he mentioned that the roaring and dancing sea
waves, the shadow of the blue sky on clear water, rising and setting
of sun, and the sparkling moon on a clear sky at night attract the
minds of all. Therefore, the beaches are the places of refreshment and
tourism. He noted that thousands of people from all corners of the
world every day visit Cox's Bazar, the longest sea beach of the world,
every day.

Dr Rahman said the coastal zones have excellent natural defense
systems with Arakan hill ranges along the Chittagong and Cox's Bazar
shorelines, strong windbreaks with hill forests in the eastern coast
of the Bay of Bengal and the dense Sundarbans mangrove forests provide
triple tier protection mechanisms.

"Sea currents, wave and tides, and upstream fresh water-flows play a
very important role in enriching the coastal zones of Bangladesh."

http://www.thebangladeshtoday.com/back%20page.htm


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[ALOCHONA] Yunus welcomes probe

Yunus welcomes probe

Grameen Bank managing director Muhammad Yunus has welcomed the prime
minister's call for an investigation into allegations that he
channelled foreign aid meant for the bank to another company.

Yunus in a brief, written statement said: "Honourable prime minister
Sheikh Hasina said the issue on Grameen Bank, which was discussed in
several newspapers, should be investigated. I welcome the attempt of
the honourable prime minister.

"I hope that the debate will be over after revealing the exact
condition in front of countrymen following the investigation as soon
as possible," said the statement of the Nobel Peace laureate.

It was signed by the general manager of the bank Mohammad Shahjahan,
and sent on Sunday night. It was said that Yunus sent this statement
fromPortugal capital, Lisbon.

The response from Yunus came hours after Hasina said earlier in the
day, "The allegation against Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus...should be
investigated properly."

"Bangladesh has set many examples. Deceiving people by siphoning off
their money is another such example. This is nothing but sucking out
money from the people after giving them loans," she said when her
attention was drawn to the conflicting comments made by her party
stalwarts.

"One can't but get caught if they play with the money of the poor," she added.

Norway's national TV NRK aired a documentary on November 30 titled
"Fanget i Mikrogjeld" or "Caught in Micro debt", based on which
bdnews24.com ran a report on December 1.

According to the documentary, Yunus transferred the money to Grameen
Kalyan, which was in no way involved with microcredit operations.

Responding to the allegations, Grameen Bank claimed there was no
wrongdoing in the agreement between the bank and Grameen Kalyan under
which it received Tk 3,917 million from the bank.

http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=180777&cid=2


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[ALOCHONA] Sheikh Hasina (PM) Talked stupid about Dr. Younus?



CORRECTIONS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Alochok:
I think P.M Sheikh Hasina made stupid comments about Nobel laureates Dr. Younus before investigation of money trasfering to Grameen Kollan Org according to Norway. She is a Prime Minister in Bangladesh and she should watch her title/position when she makes any comments. She is my Prime minister and as well as yours.
I do not understand why she makes insulting comments against Dr. Younus ? Is there anyone explain me? I think Dr. Younus is a proud man for Bangladesh. Our P.M and Khaleda Zia are nothing for Bangladesh but Dr. Younus is something for Bangaldesh even he screws some people according to my Prime minister.
(Please read 'daily nayadiganto' first page on 12/06/10)
(Note: My comments are not against  A.L and B.N.P)
Please post my email to alochok.
 
Thank you
Anwar
U.S.A


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[ALOCHONA] Sheikh Hasina (PM)talked stupid about DR. Younus?



Dear Alochok:
I think P.M Sheikh Hasina made stupid comments about Nobel laureates Dr. Younus before investigation of money trasfering to Grameen Kollan Org according to Norway. She is a Prime Minister in Bangladesh and she should watch her title/position when she makes any comments. She is my Prime minister and as well as yours.
I do not understand why she makes insulting comments against Dr. Younus ? Is there anyone explain me? I think Dr. Younus is a proud man for Bangladesh. Our P.M and Khaleda Zia are nothing for Bangladesh but Dr. Younus is something for Bangaldesh even he screws some people according to my Prime minister.
(Note: My comments not against  A.L and B.N.P)
Please post my email to alochok.
 
Thank you
Anwar
U.S.A


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Re: [ALOCHONA] Re: Politics of Hate: An ancient vendetta continues to eat away at public life: The Economist



It does not matter how much they try to find blemish in Noble Laureate's character it would not stick. At the end the truth will come out and I am sure he would be exonerated. Good luck to Dr. Younus.



--- On Sun, 5/12/10, ezajur <Ezajur@yahoo.com> wrote:

From: ezajur <Ezajur@yahoo.com>
Subject: [ALOCHONA] Re: Politics of Hate: An ancient vendetta continues to eat away at public life: The Economist
To: alochona@yahoogroups.com
Date: Sunday, 5 December, 2010, 10:00

 

Hasina and Khaelda are the same. Because they are from the same class, with the same roots and the same life experience. One can point out differences here and there but the bottom line is that neither should be leading our country. Especially not when, in a country like ours, we need to learn much from our leaders.

As for Dr Yunus. Well. Let me cut the cake with the sharpest knife:

If either Khaleda or Hasina were given the Nobel Peace Prize, neither thry, nor their parties, nor their supporters would flinch and inch. Rather they would be startled momentarily, then they would think for a few minutes and conclude 'rightly so', then they would start great celebrations.

More specifically, Hasina would love to have the Nobel Peace Prize herself and resents that Yunus has it.

If ever there was a nation whose elected officials would love to destroy its Nobel Laureate, it has to be, it could only be, Bangladesh.

Ezajur Rahman
Kuwait

--- In alochona@yahoogroups.com, Choudhury Hasan <worldbznews@...> wrote:
>
> It is ironic but very true.
> What is more noticing that when AL came to power Hasina promised not to indulge into petty personal politics and work for the welfare of the people. What happened to those pledges?
> The uproot of main opposition party Khaleda from her home, Blaming Yunus  and mentioning him as Corrupt...are these a kind of vendetta or a great propaganda plan to remove the obstacles of future leaders who can come to power and trash AL. While the whole world respects Prof. Yunus a great deal...a mere report by some crappy news studio should not make a big deal to the country. I bet someone paid him to do this and the person did it to make a headline somewhere. And why AL is propagading against him? Was it their plan?
>
> http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php?id=180641&cid=2
>
> Thanks
>
>
> --- On Mon, 11/29/10, anis.ahmed@... <anis.ahmed@...> wrote:
>
> From: anis.ahmed@... <anis.ahmed@...>
> Subject: [ALOCHONA] Politics of Hate: An ancient vendetta continues to eat away at public life: The Economist
> To: darpankabir@..., deshbangla@..., editor@..., deshbangla@..., editor@..., desk@..., info@..., editor@..., editor@..., editor@..., editor@..., editor.ittefaq@..., Bangladesh-Zindabad@yahoogroups.com, WideMinds@yahoogroups.com, dhakamails@yahoogroups.com, notun_bangladesh@yahoogroups.com, holiday@..., sonarbangladesh@yahoogroups.com, vinnomot@yahoogroups.com, info@..., info@..., info@..., banglarnari@yahoogroups.com, bangla-vision@yahoogroups.com, info@..., info@..., inqilab@..., Diagnose@yahoogroups.com, janakantha@..., jugantor@..., joybangla@..., chottala@yahoogroups.com, history_islam@yahoogroups.com, dahuk@yahoogroups.com, dahuk@yahoogroups.com, Motamot.editor@..., bangladesh_politcs@yahoogroups.com, bangladeshcommunity@yahoogroups.com,
> bd_journalists@yahoogroups.com, joybanglanews@..., mukto-mona@yahoogroups.com, shetubondhon@yahoogroups.com, odhora@yahoogroups.com, sahannan@..., mzamin@..., news@..., bd_mailer@..., news@..., news@..., news@..., news@..., parvez@..., publish@..., alapon@yahoogroups.com, banglapatrikausa@..., khabor@yahoogroups.com, news4bangla@..., banglatimes@..., banglar_joi@...
> Cc: ovimot@yahoogroups.com, Bangladesh-Zindabad@yahoogroups.com, WideMinds@yahoogroups.com, sonarbangladesh@yahoogroups.com, Diagnose@yahoogroups.com, alapon@yahoogroups.com, alochona@yahoogroups.com, odhora@yahoogroups.com, notun_bangladesh@yahoogroups.com, sohailtaj2008@...
> Date: Monday, November 29, 2010, 9:53 AM
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>  
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Dear Readers: Reports on Bangladesh Politics in The Economist, a world class magazine published from London, UK: Bangladesh - Politics of Hate: An ancient vendetta continues to eat away at public life: http://www.economist.com/node/17525830?story_id=17525830 http://www.amadershomoy1.com/content/2010/11/29/news0525.htm "MORE than two years after the army aborted a dismal interregnum and released from jail the leaders of the country's two rival political dynasties, the politics of hate and attrition grind away in Bangladesh. The thanks go mainly to the personal vendetta of the prime minister, Sheikh Hasina, one of the two leaders, against the other, Khaleda Zia." The Economist, Nov 18th 2010 | DHAKA Please go to the following links for detail news: http://www.economist.com/node/17525830?story_id=17525830 http://www.amadershomoy1.com/content/2010/11/29/news0525.htm Thanks, Anis Ahmed
>
>
>
> __________________________________________________________
> Mortgage Rates Hit 3.25%
> If you owe under $729k you probably qualify for Obama's Refi Program
> SeeRefinanceRates.com
>




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